AUTOMATIC PLANT WATERING SYSTEM

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN:2395-0056

Volume: 09 Issue: 11 | Nov 2022 www.irjet.net p-ISSN:2395-0072

AUTOMATIC PLANT WATERING SYSTEM

B.Tech Student, Computer Science and Engineering, Gayatri Vidhya Parishad College of Engineering(Autonomous), Visakhapatnam, Andhra pradesh, India

2B.Tech Student, Information Technology, Anil Neerukonda Institute of Technology and Science, Visakhapatnam, Andhra pradesh, India ***

Abstract - We all know that watering the plants is the most important thing for plants to live and grow. Nowadays people often grow plants in their areas or houses they were kept in some pots or containers. Some times these plants suddenly die. One of the reason might be the area the plant grows in but the major reason behind this is lack of watering plants regularly. We all know that how much plants are important to us so for this not to happen we need to water them regularly. For this two aspects are needed when to water and how much quantity need to water. Most oftenly people do not water their plants due to their busy schedule, vacations or some other reasons. So for the people who grow plants and cannot water them this project automatic plant watering system can be used. By adding this automatic plant watering system to the garden or the area where the plants are grown it will be easy to water plants without our presence. This reduces the physical strain and saves the time for the user. This system consists and uses arduino board. This is the most important device and it is responsible for controlling all the connected devices. This system also consists of soil moisture sensor which checks the moisture content in the soil and water is supply whenever the water is needed and the water supply is stopped when the moisture level in the soil reaches the required level. So we believe that this problem is important to study and to design the automatic plant watering system.

Key Words: IOT, Automatic Watering System, Watering Soil Moisture Sensor.

1. INTRODUCTION

Plants are very useful to human beings in many aspects. Plants release oxygen which is used by human beings for respiration.Plantshelpsinkeepingtheenvironmentclean and healthy. Many people love to have plants in their houses or nearby areas. But due to the lack of knowledge for the people they do not grow plants in a proper or healthier conditions. Instead they grow in some bad pots,areasetc.Forthetypeofplantsgrowinginsuchareas they need proper watering and exposure to sunlight. In busy schedule of day to day life, many time people forget to water their plants and due to this plants suffers many disorders and ultimately died. Now a days shortage of water resources has become one of the biggest problems.

Agricultureisa demandingjobtoconsumelargeamounts ofwater.Itisvery essential toutilize the water resources in proper way. Thus, a system is required, to handle this task automatically. Automatic plant watering system estimateandmeasuretheexistingplantandthensupplies desired amount of water needed by that plant. It is minimizingtheexcesswateruseaswellaskeepingplants healthy.

2. Literature Survey

A thorough research was carried out to study various problemsinHealthsectorinIndia.Thisdocumentpresents studyfindingsfromprimaryandsecondarysourcesofdata. Primarydata is original andunique data, which is directly collected by the researcher from a source such as observations, surveys, questionnaires, case studies and interviews with the stakeholders. Sources of secondary data are websites, articles and internal records. So while secondaryresearchiseasilyaccessibletheyarenotpureas they have undergone through many statistical treatments andediting

2.1).Primary survey Questionnaire:

To know the thoughts and have clear understanding of people’s opinions and ideas on plant’s health, watering plants, automatic or self plant watering systems we prepared a questionnaire which mainly focused on the followingaspects

*Plant’shealth

*Wateringofplants

*Howmuchdotheycareabouttheirplants

*Automaticplantwateringsystems

*Theirthoughtsonautomaticplantwateringsystems 

On asking how much people are interested in growing plants 21.4% of people said they are horticulturists. 73.4% of people said they love growingplantsbutcannottakecareofthem.5.2%of peoplesaidtheyarenotinterestedingrowingplants.

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN:2395-0056

Volume: 09 Issue: 11 | Nov 2022 www.irjet.net p-ISSN:2395-0072

Onasking whetherpeople grow plantsat their home 86.4%saidyesand13.6%saidno. 

On asking whether they take care of plants or not 76.6% said they do take care of plants. 15.6% said they don’t take care of plants. 7.8% said that they don’thaveplants. 

Onaskingwhethertheirplantsoftendieornot63.6% saidno,24.7%saidyes,11.7%saidnotapplicable.

On asking how often they water their plants 61.7% saidtheywatereveryday.24.7%saidtheywaterfew times a week. 1.9% said they water once a week. 3.2% said they water few times a month. 3.9% said theywaternever.4.5%saidtheydon’thaveplants. 



On asking what is the source for watering plants when they are not available 49.4% said neighbours, 5.2% said any selfwatering or autowatering system, 24% said that they leave them like that, 21.4% said others. 

Onquestioninghavetheyeverusedautomaticorself plantwateringsystems81.2%saidno,18.8%saidyes.

At the beginning we had gone through several websites, journels,articles and many more in online web resources. We had gone through the advanced search in resources

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN:2395-0056

Volume: 09 Issue: 11 | Nov 2022 www.irjet.net p-ISSN:2395-0072

likeIEEEXplore,Willey,Spongeretc.Weresortedthenonexperimental methods like content analysis in form of observation and analysis of existing data to identify different typesofapproachestowatertheplants.For this wesearchedforarticlesbykeywordswhicharerelatedto our problem statement and we found so many methods. We nearly got around 25 articles related to our problem statement. We then prepared codebook which consists of abstract, authors, publishing year, title etc.We also searched for the automatic plant watering systems and includedit

Data collection:

The key term search process has been adapted to IEEE Xplore. Science direct, Springer, Wiley onlinelibrary. The search process was manual process of identify specific journals.The selection is based under environment domain.We used certain key terms like automatic wateringtoplants,selfwateringtoplants,plantsgrowthby watering,nurseriesetc.

Totally we have considered 25 articles.The following figure1representsthedistributionof25articlesbetween 4databases.

pot.Healthy roots are firm and pliable while rooted roots are mushy with a seaweed like appearance. Don’t be overlyambitious with the wateringcan whenyou replace the plant.Almost all plants are healthiest if the soil is allowed to dry between watering.Water the plant deeply until it drips through the drainage hole then let the pot drain completely before returning it to the drainage saucer.Neverletthepotstandinwater.Wateragainonlyif thetopofthesoilfeelsdrytotouch.

Findings:

We usually grow plants in our areas.We need to water them on regular basis such that there is no improper growth in them.Sometimes we find sudden death of containerplantsimproperwateringisoftenthereasonfor sudden dying of plants.If u forgot to water for few days,it ispossiblethattherootsdriedup.Howevertheoppositeis also more likely,as too much water is often to blame for dying container plants. Rootrot can also be one of the reasonsforsuddendeathincontainerplants.Theproblem is easy to see if you remove the dead plant from the

The above graph shows soil water content and leaf water contentfordifferentdaysofnotwateringtheplant.

By seeing this graph we can see that without watering plantsdeathratewillincrease.Wateringtheplantsisvery important. But people because of their busy schedules or some other reasons they don't water plant regularly. Because of this plant may die suddenly. So to overcome this automatic plant watering system can be used. It can be designed in several ways like Arduino, soil moisture sensor etc. People can use this when they are not able to watertheplants.

Analysis:

Bythissurveythefollowingpointsareanalysed

*Plantshealth.

*Factorsaffectingplantshealth.

*Wateringofplants.

*Effectsofnotwateringtheplants.

*Automaticplantwateringsystems.

There are many simple ways to water plants when away like basic bottle method, water wicking, bottle drip system,selfwateringplanteretc…

There are also many complex and other ways to water plants like by using automatic plant watering systems.

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN:2395-0056

Volume: 09 Issue: 11 | Nov 2022 www.irjet.net p-ISSN:2395-0072

Some of the automatic plant watering systems are IOT based watering system, system consisting of soil sensor, automaticwateringsystem byarduino etc. Byusingthese systemswecanabletowaterplantswithoutthepresence of human beings. Some of the methods can be controlled by a mobile applications while some other can be done normally.Theseareveryhelpfulwhenweareaway.These systems can also reduce the problem of over watering of plants

2.3).EMPATHY TOOLS:

After completing the primary research by analyzing and observingthedatafromprimaryresearchwedesignedan empathy maptovisualizethedata inmoresimplifiedand creative way by dividing the sheet into 6 sections or quadrants.Those6quadrantsare  Says-Whattheusersaysinaninterview  Thinks-Whattheuserthinksduringtheinterview.  Does-Actionsdonebytheuseraccordingtothe research.  Feels-Theemotionalstateoftheuserwhile responding.  Pains-Disadvantagesfortheuser.  Gains-Advantages.

Anempathymapiscreatedbyusingthis6blockswhich showcasestheuser’sexperience.

2.4).DEFINE PHASE:

In the define phase of the design thinking process, we design challenges and problems from the data that we collectedintheEmpathisephase.Thisallowsus togather andgenerateideasto resolvetheissues facedina certain domain.

DEFINE TOOLS

POV:

A Point Of view (POV) aremeaningful and actionable problem statements, which will allow you to ideate in a result-oriented manner .We developed the following POV statements from the datacollected:

1.One of the major problems faced by people who growplants intheirhousesiswateringtheplants onregularbasis.

2.People need to water the plants regularly,check the soil conditions,making sure the container plants are kept in proper places such that there is no lack of sunlight to maintain good health of the plant.

3.Many people whom we surveyed said that they will leave their plants alone without watering whentheygofortriporvacation.

4.Some people said that they love to grow plants butcannottakecareofthem.

5.Some of them even said that they don’t even watertheirplantsintheirhouses.

6.Due to lack of watering container plants suddenlydie.

7.Among all the necessary thing plant need to grow healthy water and sunlight should be given the atmost priority these are the basic needs that plant needs in order to stay healthy and prepare theirfood. 

HOW MIGHT WE:

INSIGHTS:

Byanalyzingtheempathymapwediscoveredthe followinginsights

*Mostofthecontainerplantsdieduetolackofwatering.

*Peopleoftenleavetheirplantswhiletheyareaway.

*Theirareinterestedinautomaticplantwateringsystem.

How might we(HMW) questions helps to come up with the wide range solutions to the challenges statementinPOVstatements.

1.Howmightwewatertheplantsonregularbasis?

2.How might we make sure that plant is in good healthcondition?

3.Howmightweovercometheproblemofwatering theplantsduringavacationoratrip?

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN:2395-0056

Volume: 09 Issue: 11 | Nov 2022 www.irjet.net p-ISSN:2395-0072

4.Howmightwetakecareoftheplants?

5.Howmightweabletohelptheplanttogrow?

6.How might we able to overcome the problem of suddendeathofplants?

7Howmightweabletoprovidebasicneedsforthe plantstogrowhealthy?

3) PROPOSED WORK

3.1).Ideation Phase:

Bybasingontheaboveproblemswegeneratedsomeideas whichcanbethesolutionsfortheaboveproblems.Among thosegeneratedideasoneidea ischosen.Belowaresome ofthetoolstakeninreachingthesolution.

Brainstorm:

Itisaprocessoffindingvariousrelevantsolutionsforthe particularproblemstatement.Brainstormingcangenerate many wonderful ideas. By this method some of the proposedideaswereasfollows: 1.PVCdripirrigation. 2.Sprinklerirrigationsystem 3.AutomaticplantwateringsystemsusingArduino. 4.Plantsaucersetupcanbeimplemented. 5.Plasticbaggreenhouse 6 WaterWickingmethod 7.Iotbasedsmartphoneapplication. 8 Capillaryirrigationcanbeimplemented. 9.Automaticdripkittimermethod. 10.Glassbottlemethod. 11.Bottledripsystem. 12.Stringdripmethod 13.Waterbulbs

NABC (need, approach, benefit, competition)

NEED:

Plants need water for their survival.Watering is very essential for plants to grow.But people nowadays are not watering the plants regularly because of their busy schedules or their might be some other reasons. This irregular watering leads the container plants to death.We all know how much plants are needed to us.So when people cannot water their plants regularly they should

arrange some other ways to water them.And even some people over water their plants which leads to wastage of water.Automatic plant watering system is one of the best solution for this problem.These systems can be used to waterthemonregularbasesandnotwastingthewater.

APPROACH:

An automatic plant watering system can be designed to water the plants regularly. It contains arduino. The tip with soil sensor is kept in the soil. This soil sensor will check the moisture content in the soil. If the moisture contentinthesoilisnotuptotheminimumrequiredlevel then watering is done to the container plants through a pipewhichiskeptinthecontainer.Nowifthemoisturein the soil reached the minimum required level then the waterisstoppedfromthepipe.

BENEFITS:

As to water the plants in regular basis automatic plant watering system are used which has its own benefits. Someofthebenefitsare

*Thissavesthetimeofthepeople.

*Italsoreducestheoverwateringofplants.

*Itdoesnotwastewater.

COMPETITION:

There are some automatic plant watering systems available in the market. But some of them are highly expensive. And some people even don’t know about this systems, So in this project this system is not as expensive asthatofinthemarketand evenbringsawarenessto the peopleaboutthissystem

2x2 Matrix:

Fromtheaboveideaswehavetakensometopideaswhich can be classified on their cost and efficiency. Those ideas areshownbelowina2x2matrixform.

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN:2395-0056

Volume: 09 Issue: 11 | Nov 2022 www.irjet.net p-ISSN:2395-0072

Idea chosen:

We have chosen automatic plant watering system using arduino method over IOT application because in IOT applicationweneedmobiletowaterplants.Sometimeswe maynot have phone withus.Or else batterymight die. In suchcaseswe cannot water them.Andalso sometimes we might start watering and forget to stop it. In such case excess water is lost.Over watering should not be done to plants. Where as in case of arduino method no human presenceisneeded.Itcontainsa soilsensorwhichchecks the moisture content in the soil. So when the moisture contentinthesoilislessthanneededthenitautomatically waterstheplant.Anditstopswateringwhenthemoisture content is reached its level. It make sures that over wateringisnotdoneandwaterisnotwasted.Italsosaves thetime.

Template:

The following template shows the approximate design of theautomaticplantwateringsystem.

The overall view of the automatic plant watering system willbeasshowninthebelowphoto.

4.Results and Analysis:

The above shown figures are the working models of the automaticplantwateringsystem.

5. Conclusion

The working model and overview of the automatic plant watering system is shown in above slide. This idea of automatic plant watering system helps the people in watering the plants without the presence of human. It savestheperson’stimeand he/she need not worryabout wateringtheirplants.Itsavesthewater.Itonlywatersthe required amount.This systemeithercan bemadeintheir housesorcanbuyinthemarket.

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Volume: 09 Issue: 11 | Nov 2022 www.irjet.net p-ISSN:2395-0072

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BIOGRAPHIES

Mr. Dinesh sai kumar challa is pursuing B.Tech (CSE) from Gayatri Vidya Parishad College of Engineering(autonomous), Visakhapatnam and presently is in 4th Year. His research interests are Machine learning, Data Science and DataAnalytics.

Mr. Ayushman Adhya is pursuing B.Tech (CSE) from Anil Neerukonda Institute of Technology and Sciences, Visakhapatnam and presently is in 4th Year His research interests are Machine learning, Data Science and Data Analytics