International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 09 Issue: 10 | Oct 2022
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
www.irjet.net
STUDY ON COMBINATION OF HYPO SLUDGE AND SILICA FUME AS A PARTIAL REPLACEMENT TO CEMENT IN CONCRETE S Vijaya1, Sneha S D2, Ashwin C A3 1 Dr.
S Vijaya, Professor&HOD, Dept. Of Civil Engineering, Dr. Ambedkar Institute of Technology, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India 2 Sneha S D, Assistant Professor, Dept. Of Civil Engineering, Dr. Ambedkar Institute of Technology, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India 3 Ashwin C A, Assistant Professor, Dept. Of Civil Engineering, Dr. Ambedkar Institute of Technology, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India ---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------production to minimize the problems of disposal and pollution from these industrial waste.
Abstract - Concrete is the construction material which is
used to a great extent than any other construction material. For a greener and sustainable future we have to develop innovative ways to save non renewable resource and mitigate carbon foot print which is caused by large scale cement production for concrete. Therefore, researches are going on in replacing the cement with alternate industrial waste which has cementitious properties. Hypo sludge is a paper industry waste which consumes a large percentage of local landfill space and is a source of environmental pollution. It has cementitious properties due to the presence of alumina, silica, magnesium and lime content. It contains less amount of silica which may reduce the strength of concrete, hence in the present work, silica fume is being used along with the hypo sludge as partial replacement of cement. Experimental investigation is carried out on strength of concrete and optimum percentage of the partial replacement of Hypo sludge and silica fume to cement for M25 grade concrete. The result shows that samples containing 20% silica fumes with 5% hypo sludge and 15% silica fumes with 10% hypo sludge give the strength equivalent to conventional M25 concrete.
1.1 Hypo Sludge Paper mills generally produce a large amount of solid waste. This waste generated by sedimentation process contains broken, low-quality paper fibres which are also known as paper sludge. If the concentration of paper sludge is more it will contaminate groundwater. Some companies burn their sludge which contributes to air pollution. As population increasing, natural resources are getting reduced to meet the demand of cement production. On the other side dumping of wastes produced from industries causes a major environmental issue. By using this Hypo Sludge as a partial replacement of cement above said issues can be addressed. Meanwhile, the price of cement was also gradually increasing every day, Hence hypo sludge waste if used decreases cost of concrete. Hypo sludge is a new trend amongst other pozzolonic material, the main reason is it consists of little calcium, more calcium chloride, alumina, silica, magnesium and lime which contributes to the strength of concrete similar to OPC. The magnesium and silica enhance the property of setting time of the concrete. It also contains china clay, calcium carbonate, residual chemicals and cellulose fibers mixed with water.
Key Words: Sustainable concrete, Green concrete, Carbon foot print, Hypo sludge, Silica fume.
1. INTRODUCTION Environmental sustainability means to strike the ecological balance by avoiding the depletion of natural resources that is usage of renewable resources has to be increased and depletion of non renewable resources has to be taken care. Concrete is the construction material which is used to a very large extent when compared to other construction materials. Concrete production involves usage of natural resources, which is causing a lot of negative impact on the environment. Portland cement is a major component in concrete which is made from natural resources like limestone and boulders. A ton of cement production produces 1.25 tons CO2, so we need to find a better alternative material to replace the cement. Various pozzolonic industrial wastes such as fly ash, silica fume, GGBS, metakoline, Hypo sludge etc. can be substituted to cement at different percentages in concrete
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1.2 Silica fumes Silica fume (SF) is a by-product of the smelting process in the production of silicon and ferrosilicon alloys. It is also byproduct in the production of other silicon alloys such as Ferro manganese, Ferro-magnesium, Ferro-chromium, and calcium silicon. It contains extremely fine amorphous particles of silicon dioxide (SiO2) which usually make up more than 90% of SF constituents. Because of its extreme fineness and high silica content, has been recognized as a pozzolanic material conforming to specifications of ASTM C1240 for use as supplementary cementitious material in cement mortar and concrete to enhance mechanical and durability properties.
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