International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 09 Issue: 10 | Oct 2022
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
www.irjet.net
A Review Paper on Concrete Cast In-Situ Bored Piles Cushioned with Mixture of Sand and Aggregate K. S. Deotale1, Dr. A. I. Dhatrak2, R. D. Deshmukh3, S. W. Thakare4 1M.
Tech Student, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Government College of Engineering, Amravati, Maharashtra, India Dept. of Civil Engineering, Government College of Engineering, Amravati, Maharashtra, India 3Professor, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Government Polytechnic, Amravati, Maharashtra, India ---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------2,4Professor,
Abstract – Pile foundation consists of piles that are dug into
construct piles that are driven, drilled or jacked into the ground before being joined by pile caps.
soil till a layer of stable soil is reached. In terms of construction, piles may be either pre-cast or cast in situ. Cast in situ piles are formed by boring a hole and filling it with concrete. Pile foundations are useful in regions with unstable upper soil that may erode, or for large structures. The pile foundation is often built to exceed the weak soil and reach the firm deposit. The pile capacity and the surrounding soil conditions are closely related. Pile foundations are often required to resist lateral loading. Often pile load carrying capacity is derived from friction between pile and the surrounding soil. This magnitude of mobilized friction mainly depends on pile material, properties of the soil and method of construction. Black cotton soil is weak soil that has low bearing capacity and high settlement. Through a combination of pile volume displacement and driving vibrations, loose, cohesionless deposits compress on surrounding soil in cohesionless soil.
Heavy structures should be erected on pile foundations because it is possible that shallow soil won’t be able to support them in a way that is satisfactory. In typical ground conditions, piles can also be employed to withstand horizontal loads. For structures above water, like jetties or bridge piers, piles make an easy foundation.
2. CLASSIFICATION OF PILES BASED ON LOAD TRANSFER A. End bearing piles (point bearing piles) End bearing piles shown in figure 1(a) rest on a solid layer of rock or dirt underground at their bottom. To prevent the structure from swaying, the end of the pile is pressed up against the thick layer. Additionally, the weak topsoil (which could not support its load) is replaced by the stronger stratum below by way of the pile, which depicts an end bearing pile, with the load of building above ground.
Key Words: Cast in situ, black cotton soil, pile foundation, load carrying capacity, cohesionless soil
1. INTRODUCTION
B. Friction Piles
Through the use of a foundation, the load from the superstructure is transferred to the ground. The foundation serves as the link between a building and the earth and helps in the distribution of loads to the soil. Foundations are of two types as shallow foundation and deep foundation. If soil below the foundation is not capable to carry super structural loads, then deep foundation is provided. Pile foundation, well foundation, pier and caisson are the types of deep foundation. The most common type of deep foundation is pile foundation.
One type of pile foundation is friction pile. This kind of pile transfer the superstructure load using the frictional resistance force created between the pile surface and nearby ground surface. Frictional resistance force may emerge along a specific pile length or along the entire length, depending on the subsoil strata conditions. The friction force must be sufficient to sustain the super structure in order for the foundation to remain stable. In the soil, friction piles function more like a wedge. These piles, which are also known as floating heaps, get the majority of their bearing capacity from shear strains along the piles edges. They work best when the hard beneath layers of soil are too deep to effectively access. By adhesion or friction between the pile’s surface and the soil, friction piles transfer load from the loose topsoil above to the soil below. In other words, the pile is held in place by the friction of the soil around it. Friction pile is shown in (Figure 1(b)).
1.1 Pile Foundation A pile foundation is the part of a structure used to support and transfer the load of the structure to the bearing ground, which is placed some distance below the surface of the ground. The pile cap and the piles are the foundation’s primary building blocks. Long, slender elements i.e. piles transfer load from shallow soil to deeper soil or rock of high bearing capacity. Wood, steel and concrete are three primary materials used to construct piles. These materials are used to
© 2022, IRJET
|
Impact Factor value: 7.529
|
ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal
|
Page 383