International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 09 Issue: 10 | Oct 2022
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
www.irjet.net
“STUDY ON REMOVAL OF HARDNESS FROM GROUNDWATER USING LOW-COST ADSORBENT” Krishna Swaroop C D1, Shivakumar B P2, Kishore Kumar S3 1Krishna
Swaroop C D, Student, Dept. Of Environmental Engineering, SJCE college, Mysuru, Karnataka, India B P, Assistant Professor, Dept. Of Environmental Engineering, SJCE college, Mysuru, Karnataka, India 3Kishore Kumar S, Dept. Of Civil Engineering, MCE college, Hassan, Karnataka, India ---------------------------------------------------------------------***---------------------------------------------------------------------
2Shivakumar
Abstract - This study examined potential and design
carbonate to precipitate as a result of the Ca2+ and HCO3- ions (CaCO3). Due to calcium carbonate scaling, particularly high concentrations of Ca2+ and HCO3- ions can pose problems for the consumers (e.g., deposits in water boilers). Drinking water businesses partially remove calcium ions from the water to prevent calcium carbonate precipitation at the consumers taps. Softening is the term for this. The lime soda water softening method is one of the first chemical techniques in the water filtering process used to lower the hardness of ground water.
parameters of adsorption study to remove hardness of natural and synthetic water samples by using Amorphophallus Campanulatus adsorbent (ACA). The initial concentration of hardness of both real ground water and synthetic water samples are 710mg/l and 1610mg/l respectively. Those samples are treated with 5 different dosages of amorphophallus campanulatus adsorbent. To study the removal efficiency of adsorbent, the batch and column studies are carried out. In batch study experiments with varying concentrations of adsorbent dose vs different contact time is analysed to know the removal and optimum dose of adsorbent with contact time and to determine maximum removal efficiency. In column study, column is set to remove the hardness and determine the maximum removal efficiency is carried out by using fixed bed column of diameter 3.5cm and depth of 32cm are used for a flow rate of 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 8, 25 and 30ml/min. By the study the experiments demonstrate that amorphophallus campanulatus adsorbent remove the hardness efficiency of 83.09% for real ground water and 85.15% for synthetic water in batch study for a dosage of 10g/l at a contact time of 0.5 hr. In column study 92.95% for real ground water, 93.16% for synthetic water. From the kinetics models it is determined that 46.76g adsorbent for real ground water and 59.9g for synthetic water is required for the treatment of hardness using Langmuir Isotherm and 13.03g adsorbent for real water and 18.05g for synthetic water using Freundlich Isotherm but the R2 value is near to 1 for the Amorphophallus Campanulatus adsorbent therefore it follows the Freundlich Isotherm which indicates the adsorbent follows double layer theory.
Key
Words:
Amorphophallus
1.1 Study area The Hassan district in the Indian state of Karnataka contains the city and taluka of Arsikere. In the Hassan district, it is one of the bigger cities. There are 31 wards in the municipal council for Arsikere city. This area, also known as Kalpataru Nadu, is well-known for producing coconuts. The taluk headquarters are located at Arsikere, a significant railway junction on the South Western Railway that connects North Karnataka with Mangalore and Mysore and serves as a hub for visitors travelling to adjacent locations without rail access including Belur, Halebidu, and Shravanabelagola. 7 miles away is Harnahalli Kodimata. One of the Hoysala princesses who constructed a lake (kere in Kannada) close to the town is the source of the name Arasikere. Kannada for "queen" is arasi. Therefore, it is 'Arasiya+kere' which means "queen's pond". Arasikere was also called Udbhava Sarvajna Vijaya and Ballalapura at various times.
1.2 Preparation of adsorbent Amorphophallus campanulatus is chopped into little pieces using knife. Then placed in the sun to dry for 2-3 days, after blending to powdered using mixer. Then powder was placed at 550°C in a muffle furnace for 5 hours to covert the powder to ash. The prepared ash is used as an adsorbent to remove the hardness.
campanulatus
adsorbent(ACA)
1. INTRODUCTION The groundwater is in chemical equilibrium as a result of its prolonged residence period in the subsurface. Prior to being pumped out of the ground or flowing into surface water, groundwater typically stays in the subsoil for many years. When groundwater is pumped up or dumped into surface water, it comes into touch with the atmosphere. When water is heated, the equilibrium changes, causing calcium
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2. METHODOLOGY The study was carried out by identification of the different location through the collection of water samples and analysis for several area. To remove the hardness in ground water, an adsorbent is prepared using Amorphophallus campanulatus.
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