International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 12 Issue: 10 | Oct 2025
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DESIGN AND SIMULATION OF A SOLAR PV INTEGRATED 9-LEVEL FLYING CAPACITOR MULTILEVEL INVERTER USING SVPWM FOR HOUSEHOLD APPLICATIONS ANJUSHREE T N1, Sri. Venkatesh M 2 1M. Tech student, Power System Analysis, Dept. of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, University BDT Collage of
Engineering, Davangere, Karnataka, India.
2Assistant Professor, Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, University BDT Collage of Engineering,
Davangere, Karnataka, India. ---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------350–500 V[3]. The principle of operation of a boost Abstract - This study presents the design and simulation of a
converter is based on energy storage in an inductor during the ON state of a switching device (such as an IGBT or MOSFET) and releasing that energy to the load during the OFF state. When the switch is closed, current flows through the inductor, causing it to store energy as a magnetic field. When the switch is opened, the inductor attempts to maintain current flow by releasing energy, which adds to the input supply and raises the voltage across the output capacitor and the load. [4]. The control strategy used in an inverter plays a significant role in determining its efficiency, harmonic performance, and output voltage quality. Traditional sinusoidal PWM techniques, though simple, have drawbacks such as limited DC bus utilization and higher harmonic distortion. Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation (SVPWM) addresses these issues and is considered one of the most advanced modulation techniques for multilevel inverters. [5]. For a 9-level inverter, SVPWM generates optimized switching pulses for the 16 IGBTs in such a way that the output voltage waveform closely follows a sinusoidal reference. This results in smoother voltage, improved power quality, and better performance for sensitive loads like EV chargers [6]. PV-based pumping system with an induction motor drive and vector control to achieve efficient operation under varying solar irradiance [7]. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed control method maintains stable motor performance and consistent water discharge[8]. The heart is the 9-level Flying Capacitor Multilevel Inverter (FCMLI) controlled using SVPWM. Multilevel inverters generate stepped output voltages by combining multiple voltage levels from capacitors or isolated DC sources. [9]. These capacitors help in distributing voltage stress evenly across the switches and also provide inherent voltage balancing. The output of a 9-level inverter ranges from 4Vdc to +4Vdc, producing nine distinct levels. With SVPWM, the switching is optimized to ensure capacitor voltages remain balanced, the output waveform is nearly sinusoidal, and THD is minimized. The inverter converts the 740 V DC link voltage from the boost converter into 240 V AC, which is used to power household loads and charge the EV battery simultaneously.[10]. The performance of the suggested
solar photovoltaic (PV)-based energy conversion system. A 12 kW PV array is modeled under varying sunlight and temperature conditions. A DC–DC boost converter regulates the PV output and maintains a 500 V DC link. A nine-level flying capacitor multilevel inverter (FCMLI) converts DC to AC using space vector PWM (SVPWM).The inverter delivers lowdistortion AC power with balanced capacitor voltages. The system supplies both household loads and a 60 V, 50 Ah EV battery charger. The EV charger operates under a constant current–constant voltage (CC–CV) profile. MATLAB/Simulink simulations confirm efficient energy conversion and stability.
Key Words: Maximum power point tracking (MPPT), Flying capacitor multilevel inverter (FCMLI), Space vector pulse width modulation, MATLAB/Simulink.
1.INTRODUCTION Renewable Energy and the Role of Solar Photovoltaics, The global energy demand has been steadily rising due to rapid industrialization, population growth, and the increasing reliance on electricity in daily life. Conventional energy sources such as coal, oil, and natural gas are not only limited but also responsible for severe environmental issues like greenhouse gas emissions and climate change. As a result, renewable energy has become a cornerstone of modern energy policies, with solar photovoltaic (PV) technology emerging as one of the most promising solutions [1]. Solar PV technology directly converts sunlight into electricity through semiconductor materials. The simplicity, scalability, and declining costs of solar panels have made them attractive for applications ranging from small household systems to large-scale solar farms. A PV module generates direct current (DC) electricity, which is suitable for charging batteries but not directly compatible with most appliances and power distribution systems that operate on alternating current (AC) [2]. The boost converter is a key power electronic interface that steps up the lower DC voltage from the PV system to a higher and more stable level. This higher voltage is necessary not only for efficient operation of the inverter but also to meet the charging requirements of modern EV batteries, which typically demand voltages in the range of
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