International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 11 Issue: 09 | Sep 2024
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
www.irjet.net
Tube Pod Interdependency for Hyperloop Optimal Aerodynamic Design Rahul Sahu1, Swastika Patel1*, Prashant Kumar Sahu2, Gulab Verma2, Sunil Kumar Patel1 1Assistant Professor, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, Government Engineering College, Raipur, Chhattisgarh,
India PIN-492015
2 Assistant Professor, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, Government College of Engineering, Jagdalpur,
Chhattisgarh, India PIN-494001 ---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------with the system elevated on concrete columns to Abstract maintain a relatively straight path. Since Hyperloop operates at transonic speeds and in a low-pressure environment, the tube design becomes more vital as the air flowing over the pod length is subjected to a lower cross-sectional area. This causes air flow over the pod to accelerate, which can even reach a low supersonic range and lead to the development of shock waves.
Traditional modes of transportation, such as rail, road, water, and air, often exhibit limitations in terms of speed, cost, or a combination thereof. In contrast, Hyperloop emerges as a revolutionary transport mode, promising both rapid transit and cost-effectiveness for passengers and cargo. Unlike conventional systems, Hyperloop adopts an open design concept akin to Linux, featuring a lowpressure tube through which capsules travel at varying speeds. These capsules, supported by air cushioning and aerodynamic lift, are propelled by magnetic linear accelerators stationed at intervals along the tube. Hyperloop stations can be situated at tube ends or along its length, facilitating convenient passenger embarkation and disembarkation. This study delves into the feasibility of the high-speed Hyperloop system, considering factors such as high-pressure differentials, shock waves, boundary layer dynamics, blockage ratios, Kantrowitz limits, and various drag forces, including wave, pressure, and viscous drag. The project aims to determine the maximum achievable velocity of Hyperloop pods under diverse parameters such as initial velocity, tube pressure, and pod length while assessing the inherent drag forces in its operation. Utilizing computational fluid dynamics, velocity and pressure profiles along the Hyperloop length will be analyzed, providing valuable insights into its aerodynamic performance.
Further, there is a continuous increase in the boundary layer thickness along the length of the hyperloop pod, i.e., a constant reduction in mass flow rate over the pod length, which may cause choked flow or can lead to boundary layer sensitivity. To treat this, there should be sufficient tube cross-sectional area to compensate for the reduction in mass flow rate. This will bring us to the concept of the blockage ratio and the Krantrowitz limit. The blockage ratio is the ratio of the area available to the fluid to bypass the pod to the total cross-sectional area of the tube. It has been found by t. Kim said that no shock wave is developed for a blockage ratio of 0.25, and only a weak form of shock wave generates a blockage ratio of 0.5. thus, the blockage ratio is a single parameter that will affect all the factors in consideration, like shock wave boundary layer sensitivity and the maximum achievable velocity of the pod. Musk’s original Hyperloop proposal includes individual high-level analyses of many significant subsystems, such as the pod compression system, elevated support structure, and propulsion system. While this demon states the basic viability of the concept, it does not address significant interdisciplinary couplings inherent in the Hyperloop system. Ultimately, we need to apply a design optimization of Hyperloop to reduce construction costs, operational costs, and travel time. Performing this broader optimization is outside the scope of this work. It is reserved for future investigation since adding all of this will result in significant growth in the complexity of the Hyperloop model.
Keywords: Aerodynamic, Analysis, Computational, Hyperloop, Velocity.
1. Introduction The Hyperloop is a conceptual transportation system that reduces costs and travel times compared to California’s existing high-speed rail project. It was introduced as an open-source design for public review and further development by Elon Musk and a team of engineers from Tesla Motors and SpaceX in August 2013. Unlike conventional high-speed rail systems, the Hyperloop replaces rails with a tube that encloses the passenger pod in a partial vacuum and suspends it on air bearings. Propulsion is achieved using linear electromagnetic accelerators installed along the tube,
© 2024, IRJET
|
Impact Factor value: 8.315
1.1. Motivation This project is an effort to study the feasibility of Hyperloop as a fifth mode of transportation that is very
|
ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal
| Page 546