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International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)

e-ISSN: 2395-0056

Volume: 11 Issue: 09 | Sep 2024

p-ISSN: 2395-0072

www.irjet.net

ALTERNATIVE ANALYSIS OF SODIUM/CALCIUM HYDROXIDE WITH GRAPHENE IN SCRUBBER TOWER Jeyasurya S¹, Kabilan J², A C Mariappan ³, G Peter Packiaraj⁴ ¹,2Final year B.E Marine Cadets, PSNCET, Tirunelveli, Tamilnadu ³,4Assistant Professor, Department of Marine Engineering, PSNCET ,Tirunelveli ,Tamilnadu ------------------------------------------------------------------------***------------------------------------------------------------------------transportation industry. Installation of exhaust cleaning ABSTRACT:

International Maritime Organization, MARPOL, Exhaust scrubber, Open loop, Close loop, Water discharge, Sox reduction.

scrubber system on board ships is a sole Solution. Scrubber system reduce the pollutant emissions such as nitrogen Oxides (NOx), Sulphur dioxide (SO2) and particulate matter (PM) which are Part of the exhaust gas that the ship engine releases after combustion. Exhaust Cleaning scrubber system offers effective ways to meet the emission Regulations meanwhile reducing the environmental impact of maritime trading Operations by cleaning the exhaust gases before they are released into the Atmosphere This thesis explores various views of exhaust cleaning scrubber system Onboard ships, aiming to provide in-depth understanding of their operation, Local laws of certain ports regarding the use of scrubbers, installation, design, And consequences within the marine industry. This thesis aims to discuss Crucial questions about scrubber technology and its adaptation into shipboard Operations by using regulatory frameworks, real world case studies and Existing literature.The introduction of Maritime Organization’s (IMO 2020), sulphur emission Regulation has motivated ship owners to be interested in exhaust cleaning Scrubber system enabling them to comply with the regulations, even though the system comes with operational limitations, environmental effects, and complex technology that this thesis will discuss in further detail. Shipowners must adjust and be attentive to challenges and opportunities that This system presents and that will contribute to more sustainable manner and A future cleaner maritime transportation operation. This thesis aims to provide Useful information into the role of the scrubber system by analyzing the facts From industry reports and academic research done in the past.

1.INTRODUCTION:

2.PRINCIPLE:

 The maritime sector is important for global trade as it connects economies and Makes it effortless to travel between continents. However, the industry’s Reliance on fossil fuel for propulsion, environmental impact concerns were Raised particularly regarding greenhouse gas emissions and air pollution. As The environmental awareness and regulatory demands escalates, ship Operators and ship owners are forced to search for productive ways to improve Sustainability and reduce emissions in maritime

 A scrubber tower, also known as a wet scrubber or air scrubber, is an air pollution control device designed to remove pollutants, gases, and particulate matter from industrial exhaust streams. Here’s how it works:

 This study explores the synergistic effects of integrating graphene with sodium/calcium hydroxide in scrubber towers for efficient CO2 capture and SO2 removal. A novel theoretical model and experimental analysis reveal that graphene-based sorbents exhibit superior performance compared to conventional sodium/calcium hydroxide systems.The implementation of exhaust cleaning scrubber systems onboard ships represents a critical strategy for reducing air pollution and complying with increasingly emissions regulations. This thesis explored exhaust cleaning scrubber technology, focusing on its different types of designs, operation, and impact within the maritime industry. Using books, websites and online publications, the process itself proved to be eye-opening.Concerning the environment, exhaust scrubber systems offer benefits and Drawbacks. Sulphur emissions have decreased, which is a positive. However, Waste wash water discharge contaminate seawater if not well monitored. Therefore, the purpose of this thesis was to educate interested parties such as Shipowners, operators, regulators, and policymakers about the advantages And difficulties associated with implementing scrubber technology aboard Ships, the various exhaust gas scrubber system designs, the impacts they Have on the environment and all the laws that prohibit the discharge of wash Water as well as the IMO regulations.

Keywords:

Impact Factor value: 8.315

 The scrubber tower uses a liquid, usually water or a chemical solution, to scrub the pollutants from the exhaust gases. The process involves physical and chemical interactions between the liquid and the pollutants.

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