International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 11 Issue: 09 | Sep 2024
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
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Steel Concrete Composite High-Rise Building with Stepped Architecture for Earthquake Prone Areas Arup Saha Chaudhuri Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Techno Main Salt Lake, Kolkata, India ---------------------------------------------------------------------***---------------------------------------------------------------------
Abstract - In structural engineering, steel-concrete composite structures are those types of structures where we use these two
materials efficiently in the construction. They act as a single unit in which steel is effective on tension side and concrete is effective on compression side. In this paper, the proposed G+21 storey high-rise building frame is made of structural steel columns and steel beams with concrete slab composite floors. Stepped Architecture is one of the ideal concepts of construction to stabilize any framed structure. The bottom portion should be much wider than the top portion of the structure in this concept . This concept is very suitable for high-rise buildings in earthquake prone areas. We will discuss about composite construction and stepped architecture concepts in detail and will show how we can apply both of these concepts in high -rise building to work efficiently. Purpose of this paper is to design and analyze a two dimensional building frame under high seismic zone without providing any extra seismic resisting system. Key Words: High-rise steel building, Earthquake prone area, Stepped architecture, Vertical stability bracings, Steelconcrete composite floors
1. INTRODUCTION We all know that 71% of earth surface is covered by water and remaining part is covered by land. Population of world is increasing day by day but our land of earth is limited. So it is not possible to built house for each and every individual person. In our modern days of civilization, construction of tall buildings is rapidly increasing where maximum person can live by using minimum space of land. This tall building is constructed not only for residential purpose but also can be used for commercial purpose or both. There is no such definition of tall or high-rise building. But as per IS Code RC buildings of height more than 50 m but less than 250 m can be treated as a tall building but this standard is not applicable for location of building near field of seismic fault. Composite is that where two or more materials or units of different properties are combined together and these materials or units act as a single unit. Composite construction is widely used method in modern days of constructions. Scientists are doing research on this theory that how to develop more composite construction in different ways. Engineers are also adopting this technique in construction industries. Composite construction is widely used in building construction, aircraft and watercraft. There are some examples of composite construction like – Steel-Concrete composite deck, Wood-Plastic composite deck, Cement-Polymer composite etc. Composite constructions have some advantages like high strength, high stiffness, high seismic resistance, increased load carrying capacity, economic, lightweight and environment sustainability. Most of the high-rise buildings have more tend to experience prolonged shaking than short buildings because they often have lower damping and body waves from earth rapidly travels through the ground compared to slower, more destructive wave. They are not safe enough to resist vibrations. Hence, tall buildings are not safe against earthquake. It has major chance to damage of properties and lots of life loss. Tall buildings are not safe even in Zone – II. For example, we can say about 2001 Bhuj earthquake where high-rise buildings of Ahmadabad city were damaged epicenter was 300 km away from it. To resist the affects of earthquake we have to apply some modern technologies by installing seismic isolation devices. These devices reduce the energy of structure and reduce forces acting on floors. These devices increase the stiffness of structures and also increase the capacity of structures to resist loads. There are so many devices those can be used as per the design like Synthetic Rubber Bearing or Lead Rubber Bearing, Fluid or Viscous Dampers, Visco-Elastic Damper, Rocker Roller etc. Sometimes we can use some design concept for earthquake resistance building like Shear Wall concept, Braced Frame concept etc. There is a lot of research on the best shapes for earthquake resistance buildings. Buildings can be irregular or asymmetrical in shape. Some shapes those have been found to perform well in earthquake include Triangular shape, Rectangular shape, Dome shape, Stepped shape etc. In this paper, we will focus on stepped shape with no extra seismic resistant mechanism.
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