International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 11 Issue: 08 | Aug 2024
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
www.irjet.net
Building bricks from waste plastic (PET) and crushed basalt as filler Jesús Agüero López1*, Roxana Andrea Adame Porras2, Marina Vlasova1, Pedro Antonio Márquez Aguilar1. 1Center for Research in Engineering and Applied Sciences, Morelos State Autonomous University (CIICAp-UAEMor), Av.
Universidad 1001, C.P. 62209 Cuernavaca, Morelos, México.
2Faculty of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Morelos State Autonomous University (FCQel-UAEMor), Av.
Universidad 1001, C.P. 62209 Cuernavaca, Morelos, México. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------***-------------------------------------------------------------------------Abstract The work examines the properties of composites obtained by heat treatment at ~260-280 oC for 2 hours of PET-crushed basalt mixtures, in which both components are waste from the corresponding industries or household waste. It has been established that, depending on the ratio of components in the initial mixtures, it is possible to obtain building products with properties no worse than ceramic bricks. The maximum value of compressive strength is 18 MPa, bending strength is 3.3 MPa. The samples have low water absorption (≤ 1.4%) and low wear (< 2 mm).
Keywords: PET and basalt mining waste, low-temperature sintering, strength properties. 1. Introduction Recycling household plastic waste is an important area in the fight against environmental pollution. Waste from polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is the most large-scale. They are collected in sanitary warehouses and, due to the slow decomposition process, are extremely harmful to the environment [1]. One of the directions for processing PET waste is to obtain secondary plastic by melting the waste [2]. Since PET materials have high hardness, and are very resistant to wear and chemicals, as well as shock, breakage, and fire, the synthesis of composite materials consisting of mixtures of PET and inorganic/mineral additives has recently developed [3-8]. Typically, PET-inorganic filler composites have been subject to requirements that suit different types of building materials. The purpose of this work was to develop an energy-saving technology for the production of building materials (tiles, bricks, blocks, paving stones) using waste from PET and basalt, which is man-made waste from the corresponding mining and processing industries. Note that basalt is a volcanic rock, fine-grained, very hard, and composed mainly of feldspar and pyroxene or augite [9]. Basalt is common in Mexico and is widely used in construction.
2. Material and methods The work used crushed household waste PET plastic measuring ~19 mm and basalt particles measuring 0.595 mm. Mixtures were prepared from PET and basalt, in which the PET component was changed from 90 to 30 wt.%, and the basalt component was changed from 10 to 70 wt.%. The mixtures, placed in metal molds of various sizes, were introduced into the oven at a temperature of ~ 260-280 oC. The holding time at this temperature was 2 hours. After cooling, the samples were removed from the molds. The compressive strength of the samples was carried out according to the NMX-C-083-ONNCCE-2014 standard [10] and was calculated using the formula: σ = F/A, where σ is stress in the body, MPa (Kgf/cm 2); F = internal compression force, kgf; A is sample surface area, cm2. The flexural strength of the samples was carried out according to the ASTM C1161-02c standard [11] and was calculated using the formula: Mr = , where Mr is the flexural modulus of elasticity, MPa; C is maximum breaking load, N; L is the length between lower supports, mm; a is sample width, mm; e is sample thickness, mm.
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