International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 11 Issue: 08 | Aug 2024
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
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A Review on Tapered Slot Antenna Systems Operating at Mid-band and High-band Frequencies Krithika penagaluru1 1Post Graduate Student, Department of ECE, BMS college of Engineering, Bengaluru, India.
---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------and the opening rate R can be tapered slot antennas at Sub-6 GHz and mm-wave frequencies defined by an exponential equation (1) as given below are presented. A Vivaldi antenna is a type of tapered slot antenna known for its wide bandwidth and high gain x= (1) characteristics. It is a good choice for more reliable wireless Where, communication. This survey is about the new advancements in Vivaldi antenna design which enhanced the performance at Sub-GHz and mm-wave frequencies. 5G which is a combination of Sub-6GHz and mm-wave frequency bands can provide coverage along with high speed data services in required locations by maintaining less delay. As per 5G communication network demands Vivaldi antenna is well suitable.
Abstract - In this paper, an overview of existing designs of
This kind of Vivaldi antenna design enables to achieve a broad range by covering several octaves of frequency making it good choice for 5G communication systems. Vivaldi antennas having unique tapered slot patterns, inclined groove, matching circle and required corrugations will allow the antennas to have a good impedance match that enhances the performance of antenna system in terms of gain, directivity, broadband and radiation patterns. The advantages of Vivaldi antenna system include high gain, low cross polarization, directional radiation, broadband and compact size.
Key Words: Literature survey, tapered slot antenna, Vivaldi antenna, 5G, Sub-6 GHz, mm-wave frequencies.
1.INTRODUCTION Due to the broadband capabilities, high gain and directional properties Vivaldi antennas [1] which are novel member of the class aperiodic continuously scaled antenna structures are widely used in various applications and domains such as wireless communication systems, radar systems, satellite communications, medical imaging and high-power jamming systems etc. In the 5th generation the swift evolution of wireless communication technologies resulted in excellent data speeds, minimized latency and expanded connectivity. Among the diverse antenna systems available in market tapered slot antennas which are class of end fire antennas consisting an exponentially tapered slot supports broad range of frequencies. As per 5G network performance demands tapered slot antennas are well suitable especially Vivaldi antenna systems which provides exceptional performance in both Sub-6GHz and mm-Wave frequency bands.
1.2 Substrate based Vivaldi and All metallic Vivaldi antennas Vivaldi antennas can be designed using various dielectric materials such as FR4, Rogers-5880, etc.as their base support. This kind of antennas are expensive and also reduces the gain efficiency, bandwidth performances of antenna due to its dielectric properties. Even though substrate-based Vivaldi antennas provide design flexibility and ease to fabricate use of dielectric substrate in construction have impact on antenna performance. There is always a tradeoff between gain and bandwidth due to the impact of dielectric properties. One solution to mitigate this is use of all metal Vivaldi antennas made up of copper, aluminum, etc. These all metal Vivaldi antennas can provide high conductivity and gain at lower frequencies and eliminates dielectric loss, more robust compared and are very suitable for telemetry, satellite and high-power jamming applications [4], [5], [6].
1.1 Vivaldi Antenna The operation principle of Vivaldi antenna which is a specific type of tapered slot antenna is when a wave propagates along the beginning of slot line due to exponential tapered slot pattern the wave results in highly directive beam as it gradually radiates from the mouth opening [2]. According to theoretical background of the tapered design [3], an exponential tapered slot with feed slot results as a Vivaldi antenna. The end points of the taper
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