International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 11 Issue: 08 | Aug 2024
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
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GEO-HYDROLOGICAL STUDIES FOR THE REVIVAL OF 15TH CENTURY KAVOOR LAKE FOR MANGALORE SMART CITY SUSTAINABILITY Shamanth Kumar Hosabettu1, Rasikh Mohammed Kazi2 , Dr. Radhakrishnan K3 . Student, Department of Civil Engineering, NMAM Institute of Technology, Nitte, Udupi, Karnataka, India. 3 Professor, Dept. of Civil Engineering, NMAM Institute of Technology, Nitte, Udupi, Karnataka, India ---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------performed. Being one of the closest lakes to a rapidly Abstract - Kavoor Lake, Mangaluru is one of the few developing city, this lake has not only been used as remaining lakes in the city and is of significant historical and agricultural prominence. Rampant development and dumping ground for various types of wastes but also encroachment have led to several lakes in the city vanishing has repeatedly faced De-siltation, rejuvenation and in the last 50 years. Kavoor lake too has been affected renovation programs. Drains that once brought water deeply, with the lake now reduced to a marsh and filled with to the lake now dump medical, industrial and organic silt. The Mangaluru Smart City Limited (MSCL), under the sewage into it. Kavoor lake has immense historical Government of Karnataka has undertaken the improvement prominence. Many agricultural projects in the area of the lake. The key issues targeted in this study are the depend on this lake and hence it is important to study substantial drop in the level of water during peak summer and protect this fragile and rapidly shrinking wetland and pollution aspects.Initial study involves delineation and ecosystem before it is lost forever. In 2011, the State mapping of the lake using Google Earth and Bhuvan. GIS is government took up the work of removing the silt and used to prepare land use/ land cover maps and various other thematic maps. GIS is further used to delineate the improving its aesthetics at the cost of Rs.1 crore but catchment area of the lake for hydro logical analysis like except for laying embankment and building a mud time of concentration, runoff estimation, etc. Water quality path on the bund, there has been no significant analysis of the lake at different intervals throughout the improvement in the lake or the surrounding conditions. year is done. The results obtained after hydro logical and The Mangaluru Smart City Limited (MSCL), under the GIS analysis are used for limnological modelling of the lake. Government of Karnataka (GoK), has proposed the Cost estimation for the revival of the lake and lake front Improvement of Kavoor lake. The key issues targeted development considering its aesthetic, utility and in this study are the substantial drop in the level of environmental aspects is carried out. water during peak summer and pollution aspects. 1.0 INTRODUCTION Keeping these in mind, Geo-hydro logical studies are carried out and a GIS based sustainable model for the Mangalore is the chief port city of Karnataka, India development of the lake and its surroundings is and over the last 50 years, has seen a haphazard and proposed. rampant increase in its population and subsequent 1.1 Objectives land usage. One of the key issues unsettling the residents of this flourishing city is the grave and deep To delineate and map the tank area along with its impact this has had on the lakes in the city. Excessive capacity contours human activities have led to several lakes vanishing over the last few decades, and the few lakes that Prepare various thematic maps for the tank and remain have undergone alarming degradation in surrounding area terms of quality and quantity over a period of time. This study focuses on one such lake situated in Kavoor, Identify and target all the sources of inflow and Mangalore. Kavoor lake is a major and one of the few outflow (hydro logical studies) in the tank in lakes remaining in the city. As a consequence of order to understand the water scarcity problems constant encroachment and neglect, the lake is now and pollution aspects (water quality). dry and has been filled with silt and converted into a marsh due to lack of facilities to hold back rainwater. To prepare a GIS model for the sustainable Adjoining the old Mahalingeshwara temple in Kavoor, development of the tank and its surroundings and water from the lake was being used for many of the suggest methods and solutions for revitalizing the rituals in the temple. A Pushkarni (temple tank) was lake along with detailed estimation. built in a part of the lake where these rituals were 1,2
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