International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 11 Issue: 08 | Aug 2024
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
www.irjet.net
Design and Analysis of a Four-Port DC to DC Converter for a Hybrid Energy System Prajwal V S1, Dr. S G Srivani2 1Electrical and Electronics, RV College of Engineering, Bengaluru, India 2Electrical and Electronics, RV College of Engineering, Bengaluru, India
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Abstract - A four-port DC-DC converter has been developed
sporadic, batteries and additional energy-storing apparatuses are frequently utilized as a buffer against weather-related power generation fluctuations [6].
for integrating a hybrid energy from renewable sources system into an AC microgrid. This converter is particularly suitable for AC microgrid applications that require systemlevel power management. It boasts a straightforward design, making it effective for interfacing sources with varying voltage and current characteristics. The converter is created to connect a battery bank, a PV panel, a wind turbine, and an inverter, and a load. One of its key features is achieving zero voltage switching in steady-state conditions. To test its robustness, the converter is subjected to various scenarios simulating transient changes in the energy sources. The entire system is modelled and tested using MATLAB/Simulink software and hardware implementation. Results from simulations and hardware that the converter can efficiently manage the process of filling and emptying the battery based on its state of charge. Additionally, it ensures that the DC-link voltage remains stable and maximum power from PV panel and Wind turbine is obtained by MPPT algorithm.
A viable method for planning and directing the application of distributed energy resources (DER) is the development of microgrids. There are various benefits to linking DERs to a microgrid preceding the main grid. First, considering solar and wind power may complement each other, using different sources of energy can reduce the uncertainty associated with renewable energy sources [1]. Second, compared to isolated energy from renewable sources systems, power management inside a microgrid offers a more dependable power generation profile. Power converters are required for control the microgrid's power flow as well as the energy sources. They either provide the microgrid with inadequate power or absorb excess power produced by RESs [7]. Numerous energy sources can be integrated into the grid in two primary ways: either by utilizing numerous converters (one for each source) or by employing an integrated converter, also called a multiport converter with interface capability of multiple sources. The latter approach is better since it does not require board-to-board interactions and provides a more compact structure and higher power density with shared components and centralized control [8].
Key Words: four-port dc to dc converter, AC micro grid, Wind turbine, PV panel, battery, zero voltage switching.
1.INTRODUCTION The world’s population is rapidly increasing, leading to greater energy demands. This growth, along with industrialization and urbanization, has significantly boosted energy consumption [1]. Fossil fuels are scarce resources. Resources, not only face depletion but also contribute heavily to environmental issues such as air pollution and climate change [2]. To address these problems and because of the limitations utilizing fossil fuels, the world's energy focus is shifting towards renewable alternatives [4].
The majority of extant multiport converters that connect a source of energy, battery, and load (also known as a DC-link) have three ports. Several multiport DC-DC converters many architectural styles have been created, including interleaved buck-boost and boost topologies, dual active bridges, complete bridges, Z-source converters, three-phase structures, and LLC resonating designs [9]. However, these converters cannot link to more than three different sources without adding an additional port. Furthermore, most threeport converters are difficult to expand for four-port applications, with only a few four-port architectures possible without installing too many components. Furthermore, in most reversible three-port converters, only the battery has a reversible port, which can only be loaded by the RES [2]. Multiport converters handle diverse sources of energy such as solar cells, wind turbines, and batteries, offering a compact, cost-effective, and highly efficient solution [10].
Price fluctuations for petroleum and natural gas have decreased the allure of using these fossil fuels as the main source of energy, igniting interest in more reliable and sustainable alternatives. Due to its purity, environmental friendliness, renewability, and capacity to produce alternative energy, wind and solar energy have grown in popularity [5]. Distributed power generation is replacing massive centralized power generation as distributed renewable energy resources (RESs) such as photovoltaic (PV) arrays and wind turbines are increasingly integrated into the grid [3]. However, because renewable energy is
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