International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 11 Issue: 08 | Aug 2024
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
www.irjet.net
DESIGN OF VHF BAND RECTANGULAR MICROSTRIP ANTENNA FOR ROBUST MARINE COMMUNICATIONS M. Anukeerthana1, Dr.G.Kavithaa2 1PG Scholar, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Government College of Engineering –
Salem-11, Tamil Nadu, India
2Associate Professor, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Government College of
Engineering – Salem-11, Tamil Nadu, India ---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------ABSTRACT: The research paper presents a rectangular microstrip antenna that was simulated and constructed to improve marine communication demands. This communication antenna performs consistently in harsh maritime environments. This study focuses on designing and optimizing a rectangular microstrip patch antenna for navy applications in the very high frequency (VHF) band. The antenna has a length of 441.6 mm, a width of 563.9 mm, a permittivity of 4.4, and a height of 2.0 mm. The patch and ground plane are made of copper. This uses the High Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS) software and operates with a return loss of -20.1860 db. The results illustrate an efficient design with good impedance matching and radiation properties, making it a feasible alternative for maritime communication applications. The performance of the patch antenna was evaluated using several antenna characteristics such as return loss (S11), directivity, gain, bandwidth, VSWR radiation pattern, antenna efficiency, and input impedance.
research, a new trend or solution emerges in which researchers try to increase bandwidth by incorporating new features into the antenna form. Demand for broadband, lowprofile, and small antennas has grown dramatically in recent years due to the widespread deployment of wireless communication technology. Because of its low profile, light weight, and affordable price, the microstrip patch antenna has been suggested as a solution to meet the requirements. Marine communication is a critical component of maritime operations, ensuring the safety, coordination, and efficiency of activities at sea. The maritime industry relies heavily on robust and reliable communication channels to connect ships with each other and with shore-based facilities. Effective VHF antennas are greater in demand because of the increasing significance of dependable marine communication, especially in navigation, safety, and search and rescue operations. Because of its small size, lightweight, and durability, this paper focuses on the design and optimization of a rectangular microstrip patch antenna for marine communication at 156 MHz, a standard frequency for VHF maritime radio systems. The FR4 epoxy substrate provides a good blend of cost-effectiveness, mechanical durability, and acceptable dielectric characteristics, with a relative permittivity (εr) of 4.4 and a thickness of 2.0 mm.
Keywords: ANSYS HFSS (high-frequency structure simulator), (VSWR) voltage standing wave ratio, (VHF) Very high frequency, (MHz) megahertz, (RL) return loss, (RPA) rectangular microstrip patch antenna, (FR4) flame retardant for woven glass reinforced epoxy resin.
Table-1: Marine application frequency bands
1. INTRODUCTION An antenna is a transmitter that converts electrical signals to electromagnetic waves and vice versa. An antenna is a device designed to broadcast or receive electromagnetic waves successfully. It is often composed of conductive materials such as metal rods, wires, or printed circuits that interact with the electromagnetic field to achieve the intended transmission or reception. Microstrip antennas were first introduced in the 1950s. However, it took almost 20 years for this vision to become a reality, with the introduction of printed circuit board (PCB) technology in the 1970s. Because of their small size, microstrip antennas have found use in a variety of civilian and military applications, including radio-frequency identification (RFID), broadcast radio, mobile systems, vehicle collision avoidance systems, satellite communications, surveillance systems, direction finding, radar systems, marine communication remote sensing, missile guidance, and others. In microstrip antenna
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Impact Factor value: 8.315
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Frequency Band
Range
VHF -Very High
30 - 300
Frequency
MHz
HF -High Frequency
3 MHz
30
Primary Applications Distress and safety communication (e.g., Channel 16 on 156.800 MHz), intership communication, port operations, and bridge-to-bridge communication. Channels 6, 13, and 70 are often used wide-range communication, including ship-toshore and intership
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