International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 11 Issue: 07 | July 2024
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p-ISSN: 2395-0072
STUDY ON POSITIONING OF SHEAR WALL IN RC STRUCTURE FOR RESISTING SEISMIC LOADS Meghashree M1, Chethan K2 1P.G Student, Department of Civil Engineering, U.V.C.E, Bangalore University, Bengaluru
2Associate Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, U.V.C.E, Bangalore University, Bengaluru ---------------------------------------------------------------------***------------------------------------------------------------------Abstract - Earthquakes can inflict damage not only through 1.1 Shear Wall direct vibrations but also through secondary effects such as In addition to beams and columns, Reinforced Concrete landslides, floods, and fires. The response of a building during (RC) buildings commonly include vertical, plate-like RC an earthquake largely depends on its overall shape, size, walls known as shear walls. These shear walls typically geometry, and the impact of seismic forces on the ground. extend from the foundation level to the top of the Reinforced concrete (RC) multi-story buildings are generally building. Their thickness can range from 150mm to designed to withstand both vertical and horizontal loads. 400mm in moderate to high-rise structures. Shear walls, which are structural elements used to counteract Functioning like vertically oriented wide beams, shear horizontal forces, play a crucial role in this regard. With their walls are strategically placed along both the length and high stiffness and strength, shear walls can resist significant width of the building. horizontal loads while also supporting gravity loads, making them essential for both economic efficiency and controlling horizontal displacement. This study examines the effect of shear wall placement on seismic load resistance. Finite Element (FE) analysis is performed on a G+13 RC building to evaluate various shear wall configurations. Results from the Response Spectrum Analysis include natural time period, base shear, story displacement, and story drift.
Key Words: Earthquake, Geometry of the structure, Shear wall, Horizontal Displacement, FE analysis, Natural time period, Base shear, Storey displacement and Storey drift.
1. INTRODUCTION
Fig-1: Layout of Main Reinforcement in Shear Wall as per IS: 13920:1993 (IITK: Earthquake Tips)
An earthquake is a sudden shaking of the ground caused by the passage of seismic waves. Earthquake Ground Motions (EQGMs) transfer significant energy to structures, making them highly vulnerable to sudden damage. Consequently, designing structures to minimize vibrations caused by earthquakes has been a longstanding concern for structural engineers. Reinforced Concrete (RC) buildings often incorporate vertical plate-like RC walls known as shear walls. These shear walls are specifically engineered to resist horizontal forces induced in the plane of the wall from wind, earthquakes, and other forces. Therefore, buildings When buildings are designed without shear walls, the sizes of beams and columns need to be significantly larger, which can lead to issues at the joints. These larger structural elements can cause congestion in certain areas, making it challenging to properly vibrate the concrete, and resulting in noticeable displacement. This increased displacement can, in turn, induce substantial forces within the building's members. In such cases, incorporating shear walls becomes crucial for both economic efficiency and effective control of horizontal displacement.
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Impact Factor value: 8.226
Shear walls are straightforward to construct due to their simple reinforcement detailing, which can be easily implemented on site. They are both cost-effective and efficient in reducing earthquake damage to structural and non-structural elements. Shear walls typically have an oblong cross-section, where one dimension is much larger than the other. While rectangular cross-sections are common, L- and U-shaped sections are also utilized. Thinwalled hollow RC shafts around elevator cores can also function as shear walls and should be utilized to resist earthquake forces. Steel reinforcing bars are arranged in regularly spaced vertical and horizontal grids within these walls, often organized into one or two parallel layers, known as curtains. Horizontal reinforcement must be anchored to the ends of the walls, and the minimum area of reinforcing steel should be 0.0025 times the cross-sectional area in both horizontal and vertical directions. This vertical reinforcement should be evenly distributed across the wall’s cross-section.
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