International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 11 Issue: 07 | July 2024
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p-ISSN: 2395-0072
Analysis of Green Cover through canal revitalization and urban sustainability: A quantitative analysis of Urban Canal development in Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh Sayan Munshi1, Devesh Mani Tripathi2, Dr. Subhrajit Banerjee3, Dr. Indrani Chakraborty4 1 Asst. Professor, ASAPK, Amity University, Kolkata, WB, India 2 Principal Arcitect/Urban Planner, ICON Architects, Lucknow, UP, India
3Professor, Faculty of Architecture and Planning, AKTU Lucknow, UP, India 4Professor, Faculty of Architecture and Planning, AKTU Lucknow, UP, India
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water between the rural and the urban. The mainstream literature on canal irrigation in India has traditionally been rural-centered, and has been confined to only canals specifically built to serve agriculture. But as canals act as a transition between the rural and urban, it is observed that in some cases these canals are subjected to the effect of urbanism such as use as a medium of discharge of liquid waste. The effect of urbanism on canals includes various factors like changes to the natural habitat of local flora and fauna, biodiversity loss, degradation of ecosystem processes, Introduction of various industrial discharges, polluted surface water runoff, etc. (Soumyadeep D, IJUP 2020)
Abstract - Canals serve as critical components of
sustainable development, impacting various facets of urban life. While traditional research on canal irrigation has primarily focused on rural agriculture, the urbanizing effect on canals has been underexplored. Cities along canals show tremendous climatic variation such as impact of the urban heat islands, air pollution levels, humidity control, etc. This factor of canals showing character of a river in certain cities tend to attract a significant amount of population to settle along the stretch which brings about the effect of urbanization which transforms/changes the land use and land utilization in turn results to over utilization in certain case. This paper examines the Kukrail Canal in Lucknow, India, emphasizing its ecological significance and its role in maintaining local biodiversity. Furthermore, it explores the temporal changes in land use patterns over two decades, highlighting the encroachment of urban areas into the canals catchment area. The study also investigates two best practices in canal restoration through case studies in Birmingham (UK), and Utrecht (Netherlands) showcasing successful approaches to canal revitalization. The paper concludes by proposing quantitative method of analysis of Land-use and canal development, emphasizing the importance of balancing urban development with ecological preservation to maximize the potential benefits of canals for urban communities.
Urbanization is linked to modernization, industrialization, and the sociological process of rationalization. Urbanization is not merely a modern phenomenon, but a rapid and historic transformation of human social roots on a global scale, whereby predominantly rural culture is being rapidly replaced by predominantly urban culture. This change or transformation leads to a shift in practices of utilization of resource, which also includes the biological/Chemical composition of the surface runoff. Leading to alteration in the physical, chemical and biological properties of canals. India being a predominant society based on the agrarian based economy, a significant concentration of pesticide based surface run off can be traced. This runoff fusion acts as a major contributor of water pollution. In this conjuncture these canals flow into the urban areas and are subjected to further degradation. As cities in developing countries become over-populated and over-crowded partly as a result of the increase in population over the decades and partly as a result of migration. India shares most characteristic features of urbanization, the most significant phenomenon of 20th century which has almost affected all aspects of national life. This can be established with this fact that land-use change and canal degradation is closely linked. (Water Science School, 2019).
Key Words: Urban Planning, Canal Restoration, Water Body rejuvenation, Ecosystem, Environment
1. INTRODUCTION Water canals act as an environmental regulator and a source of carbon traps in a city. There are various type of canals in a city which can be classified by nature of the supply source, functions, type of boundary surface soil, financial output, and discharge and canal alignment. (OSME, Keonjhar). Based on the types of canals the specific usage is observed in various cities. This defined the type of settlements which develops over time. The use of water to serve urban consumption through drinking and waste water canals is an important yet understudied aspect of urbanization in the cities of India. The canals establish a physical manifestation of the flows of
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Now a days, it is observed that the major cities of India that are linked canals are highly polluted, and a degraded level of COD (chemical oxygen demand) and BOD (biochemical oxygen demand) is observed. Cities with canals hold a
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