International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 11 Issue: 07 | July 2024
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p-ISSN: 2395-0072
Economic Assessment of Small-scale Grid-connected Roof-top Solar PV System for Domestic Consumers of Himachal Pradesh Anjala Sharma1, Dr. Mamta Awasthi2 1PG Scholar, Center for Energy Studies, N.I.T Hamirpur, Himachal Pradesh, India 2Professor, Center for Energy Studies, N.I.T Hamirpur, Himachal Pradesh, India
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Abstract – Small-scale rooftop solar PV systems are
Himachal, hill state of India receives annual average Global Horizontal Irradiations (GHI) above 4.5kWh/m2/day [4]. This is a tiny hill State with a height of between 300 metres in Kangra and Una, and over 7,000 metres in Lahaul and Spiti, central Himalayans. It spans an area of 55,673 km2, about 1.69% of the total surface area of the nation [5]. GHI in the region are influenced by diverse topography of the state. The lower- and middle-elevation zones (<3500m) with tropical to wet-temperate climate receives higher GHI (>5 kWh/m2/day) for a major part of the year compared to the higher elevation zone (>3500 m) with dry-temperate to alpine climate (4–4.5 kWh/m2/day) [4].
convenient forms of energy providers for the household worldwide. Himachal Pradesh receives abundant solar energy with average annual Global Horizontal Irradiations (GHI) above 4.5kWh/m2/day which is adequate for installation of solar PV systems. Government of India has launched several schemes to promote the grid-connected roof-top solar PV systems. Objective of this study is to perform the economic analysis of grid-connected roof-top solar PV system for the domestic consumers of Himachal Pradesh (HP). Three different size of solar PV systems are selected (1020Wp, 2040Wp and 3400Wp) for comparative economic assessment for domestic consumers with monthly electrical energy consumption in the range of 60kWh to 600kWh. This study provides the comparative financial analysis with expected returns on investment and payback period for solar PV systems for domestic consumers with different energy demands under government policies and subsidies. Results of this in-depth analysis demonstrates that grid-connected rooftop solar PV systems would be economically viable for the domestic consumers of Himachal Pradesh with monthly average electrical energy consumption of 200kWh and above, can generate an alternate source of income for the consumers and contribute to the environmental friendly solution.
Himachal has set a target of achieving 10GW of solar power by 2030 [6]. Himachal Pradesh, among all States and territories of the Union of the nation, is the state with the greatest proportion of rural people to the overall population. 89.97% of population of Himachal Pradesh resides in the rural of state [7]. Small-scale roof-top solar PV system can contribute to the Himachal’s ambitious target of achieving 10GW by 2030. Government of India is promoting the roof-top solar PV systems and have launched PM Surya- Har Ghar Muft Bijli Yojana. Under this scheme, subsidy is provided for consumers to install roof-top solar PV system. This paper analyze economic aspects of the small size of grid connected roof-top solar PV system for the domestic supply consumer for Hamirpur. This study also evaluates the electricity tariffs and net metering applicable for the consumers of Himachal Pradesh. Site selected for study, Hamirpur is one of the districts of Himachal located in the lower west central outer Himalayas at an average elevation of 790m above sea level [15]. Study provides the detailed comparison of three different size of solar PV system according to the consumer’s energy demand.
Key Words: Solar PV System, Grid-connected, Roof-top, Economic assessment
1. INTRODUCTION India’s geographical area receives about 5000 trillion kWh of solar energy each year with most sections receiving 4-7 kWh per m2 per day [1]. The National Institute of Energy estimated the countries solar potential to be at 748 GW, assuming solar photovoltaic modules cover 3% of the geographical surface. India is a perfect location for solar energy because of its geographical location. India receives around 250 to 300 days of sunshine each year [1], [2].
Three grid-connected roof-top solar PV systems A, B and C with capacity 1020Wp, 2040 Wp and 3400Wp respectively are used for the study. Domestic consumer can install solar PV system based on the electrical energy needs or economic feasibility therefore objective of selection of different capacity solar PV systems is to provide a comparative analysis of 3 different size solar PV systems for domestic consumers with electrical energy needs in the range of 60kWh to 600kWh per month
Under the Paris Agreement of 2015, India is committed to generate 40% of electricity (450GW) from renewable energy sources by 2030. Solar energy plays a vital role in achieving the target with a target of 280GW from solar power by 2030 which is around 60% of the total renewable energy target [3].
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