International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 11 Issue: 07 | July 2024
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
www.irjet.net
Design Requirements of Water Tank and Permissible Stresses. Sachin Gadhewal1, Dr. G. P. Khare2 1Research Scholar, M. Tech. (Structural Engg.)
2Professor and Head, Department of Civil Engineering,
Jhada Sirha Government Engineering College Jagdalpur, Bastar Chhattisgarh India. ---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------
Abstract - The water tank is a container designed to store
capacity, and it is ideal for urban environments where space is limited. The curved roof design eliminates the need for internal supports, further optimizing the storage space.
water and supply it for various purposes. It comes in different shapes and sizes and is made of different kinds of materials. A water tank is typically comprised of various components and the use of different types of materials for construction. The dimensions of water tanks depend on the capacity of tanks. In the case of elevated water tanks, the height of the staging of the tank also depends on how much height water is to be pumped with the self-watering head of the tank. The water tank could be classified as per the shape, size, situations, location, and material to be used for construction. Due to the hydrostatic water pressure induced in the water tank, it will try to increase in diameter at any section. However, it will depend upon the nature of the joint at the junction of the wall and bottom slab. Concrete's imperviousness is critical for building structures made of it to store liquids, such as water.
In the construction of water tanks, locally available materials are generally used. The locally available materials, like coarse aggregates, fine aggregate, cement, and reinforcement bar, help to reduce construction costs. The durability and low maintenance requirements give long-term cost savings. The Intze type and other types of tanks are used to fulfill the requirement of water supplied for residential, commercial, and industrial purposes. The water and other liquid storage concrete structures and the rich mix sound concrete should be used. The design of the liquid-retaining structure should be free from cracks, fishers, and bulging. For the elevated water tank, the wind force and earth quake forces are most dangerous.
In the design of liquid-retaining structures, the avoidance of cracking due to tensile strength is essential. In any case, no crack should be induced on the water face of the water tank. It is essential to select a richness of mix compatible with available aggregates, whose particle shape and grading have an important bearing on workability, which must be suited to the means of compaction selected. The quantity of cement should not be less than 350 kg/m3 of concrete and also be less than 530 kg/m3 of concrete to keep shrinkage low. It is usual to use a rich mix of M-30 grade concrete in most water tanks. Concrete must be designed to prevent cracking on its water face. Crack risk can also be reduced by removing obstacles to the structure's ability to expand or contract freely.
The water tank should be designed as an as an earthquakeresistant tank. At the time of design, the wind forces should be considered along with vertical downward loads. The various types of water tanks are built in different parts of the country. The water tanks may be circular, rectangular, or square in shape. The typical shape of tank is being designed as an Intze tank, and it is widely used all over the country and abroad. As per their situation, it may be underground, on the ground, or overhead. Generally, two kinds of water tanks, reinforced concrete and pressed steel water tanks, are built. Now a days, mostly cylindrical and Intze types of overhead reinforcement are being constructed. The imperviousness of concrete is very important for the construction of concrete structures for storage of water and other liquids. The mix proportion of concrete gives good permeability and uniform ability and also thoroughly compacted components. It is essential to select a rich mix of concrete with available materials. The quantity of cement should not be less than 350 kg/m3 of concrete and also be less than 530 kg/m3 of concrete to keep shrinkage low. Usually rich mix M-30 grade concrete is used in most of the water tanks. In the construction, the cracking should be avoided by reducing the restraints on the free expansion or contraction of the structures.
Key Words: Conventional concrete, water tank, steel reinforcement, strength calculation.
1.INTRODUCTION: A water tank is a water storage reinforcement concrete structure used to store water and supplied for different purposes, such as residential, industrial, and commercial. Water tanks are typically constructed by using construction materials such as concrete, sand, cement, and steel reinforcement. The Intze type and cylindrical overhead water tanks are cylindrical structures typically constructed. The curved dome-shaped roof is adopted to help distribute the load of the stored water evenly across the tank wall. This design minimizes stress concentration points, making the tank more structurally stable. The Intze type water tank is well known for their efficient use of space. The cylindrical shape of the water tank also allows for maximum storage
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Impact Factor value: 8.226
2. PERMISSIBLE STRESSES IN PLAN CONCRETE STRUCTURES: By permitting stress in plain concrete up to the acceptable limits for tension in bending given in IS 456-2000, the plain concrete members of reinforced concrete liquid structures
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