International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 11 Issue: 07 | July 2024
www.irjet.net
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
Design and Analysis of Microstrip Antenna for Wireless Applications using Metamaterial Rudra Umesh Kolwalkar1, Hassanali Virani2 1Student, Dept. of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering, Goa College of Engineering, Goa, India
2Professor, Dept. of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering, Goa College of Engineering, Goa, India
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layer dielectric constant for ITS and other wireless applications is reported [6].
Abstract – This paper proposes a microstrip antenna of
inverted L stubs and a semi-circle shaped patch with the help of a metamaterial planar structure, i.e. a complementary split ring resonator (CSRR) in the 3-6 GHz frequency range using a High Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS) for wireless applications. The presence of metamaterial on the ground plane improves the antenna parameters. The antenna has dimensions of 60 mm x 45 mm designed on a 1.6 mm thick FR4 substrate with microstrip line feeding. It has a CSRR ring of 4 mm etched on the ground plane. It resonates at frequencies of 3.54 (3.39 3.76) GHz and 5 (4.62-5.65) GHz with a bandwidth of 370 MHz and 700 MHz and a return loss of –14.2023 dB and –34.7791 dB, respectively. The antenna has an average gain of 1.89 dBi. It can be used for C Band, WiMAX, Wi-Fi, and WLAN applications. The antenna’s performance was analyzed in terms of return loss, VSWR, bandwidth, radiation pattern, gain and radiation efficiency.
A compact tri-band antenna based on inverted-L stubs for smart devices was designed with three inverted L stubs and a triangular shaped monopole antenna. The longest stub portion is printed on the substrate’s back and connected to the other portion via a metallic pin. The antenna resonates at multiband frequencies of 2.4 GHz, 3.5 GHz and 5.5 GHz [7]. In this paper, a microstrip antenna of inverted L stubs and a semi-circle shaped patch with a metamaterial planar structure complementary split ring resonator (CSRR) on the ground plane is designed. The proposed antenna exhibits dual frequencies at 3.54 GHz and 5 GHz in the 3-6 GHz frequency range. The resonant frequency is tuned by changing the stub length and CSRR position. It is applicable for WiMAX, C band (n77, n78, n79) and Wi-Fi applications.
Key Words: Microstrip antenna, Metamaterial, CSRR, Inverted L Stubs, C band, WiMAX, Wi-Fi, WLAN.
2. METAMATERIAL STRUCTURE
1. INTRODUCTION
The complementary split ring resonator (CSRR) is one of the most famous metamaterial structures. It is composed of two concentric metallic rings with slits etched in each ring on its opposite side. The gap between the rings restricts the current flow around the rings, which considerably increases the resonance frequency of the structure. The resonant frequency can be easily tuned by changing the position and geometry parameters of the CSRR [8].
Microstrip patch antennas are popular for wireless communication applications like mobile and satellite due to their light weight, low profile, ease of fabrication and feed [1]. The use of a thick dielectric substrate with a low dielectric constant is preferred for good antenna performance since it provides better efficiency [2]. Microstrip patch antennas can be in any arbitrary shape, such as a triangular patch antenna [3].
CSRR can be represented as an L-C circuit. The resonance frequency of CSRR can be calculated [9] using Equation (1).
Metamaterial is an artificial material that has a negative dielectric constant. These materials are periodic which are not found in nature. It has negative dielectric permittivity (ε) and negative magnetic permeability (µ) [4]. Complementary split ring resonators (CSRR) and split ring resonators (SRR) are widely used as metamaterial elements. A Swastik slotted hexagonal patch antenna with metamaterial based complementary split-ring resonators is proposed. The unit cell structure of the CSRR metamaterial antenna has been optimized to enhance the antenna’s performance in terms of bandwidth, resonant frequency, gain, and miniaturization [5]. A dual-feed CSRRloaded multiband microstrip patch antenna with a single
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