International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 11 Issue: 07 | July 2024
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p-ISSN: 2395-0072
Enhancement of Heat Transfer and Pressure Drop Characteristics of Vehicle Radiators with AL2O3/water Nanofluid. A. Abdelaal 1 1First Automotive and tractors Technology Dpt, Faculty of Technology and Education, Helwan University,
11282 Cairo, Egypt ---------------------------------------------------------------------***---------------------------------------------------------------------
Abstract - In this study, the thermal performance and
when it comes to aerodynamic style, lower weight that will increase fuel efficiency, more efficient cooling and lengthen component life Dustin R, et al [2]. Towards the conclusion of the useful life cycle of heat transfer systems, the size-related solid waste disposal issue is lessened. Devendra Vashist et al [5]. % AL2O3 nanoparticles to water increased the thermal conductivity of the Nano fluid by 21.4%. They also improved the viscosity of the liquid by dispersing ultrafine particles K.Y. Leong, et al [4]. An Argonne National Laboratory research team was the first to examine the usage of Nano scale particles. One of the most significant technological issues that many companies, including those in the automotive, electrical, and industrial sectors, must deal with is cooling Hardik V. Patel, et al [5]. The thermal loads created by new technological advancements are rising, necessitating quicker cooling Rashmi Rekha Sahoo, et al [6]. Fins and micro channels, the traditional means for accelerating cooling, have already reached their physical limits Seth Daniel Oduro, et al [7]. To accomplish this high performance cooling, new and creative coolants are therefore urgently needed. S.C. Tzeng, et al [8] Traditional heat transfer fluids, such engine coolants, have relatively poor thermal conductivities W.M. Yan, et al [9]. Industries urgently need to produce heat transfer fluids that are more thermally efficient than those already on the market due to rising worldwide competition A.J. Torregrosa, et al [10]. In certain nations, official organizations like the Environmental Protection Agency are also enforcing stricter standards for pollution and vehicle emissions J.P. Holman et al [11]. The larger heat exchanger/radiator capacity of the new coolants, together with their improved thermal performance, may result in a Reduction in vehicle fuel consumption. A fresh idea is nanofluids W. Duangthongsuk, S. Wongwises [12]. These are heat transfer fluids with nanoparticles suspended in them that were created to handle more difficult cooling difficulties X. Wang, X. Xu [13]. A brand-new category of solid-liquid composites called nanofluids is made up of solid particles with a size of 100 nm or less suspended in heat-transfer fluids including water, ethylene, and propylene glycol Y. Xuan, W. Roetzel [14]. Convective heat transfer has been demonstrated by several studies. Experimental studies the possibility for higher temperature coolants and more heat rejection in vehicle engines is made possible by nanomaterials W. Yu, H. Xie [15]. Just 25% of heat is transformed to usable electricity, while the rest is lost as heat. N. Masoumi, et al [16]. By boosting heat transfer and expanding the heat transfer area, radiator heat transfer may
pressure drop characteristics of the vehicle radiator are investigated experimentally using nanofluids in Cairo, Egypt's hot, dry climate. Many factors, including working fluid flow rate, working fluid temperature and nanofluid concentrations are examined in this paper. Different nanofluid (Al2O3/water) concentrations of 0.02, 0.05, and 0.1 by volume are investigated. The experiments are conducted for a radiator with a fixed air velocity of 0.6 m/s and working fluid flow rate of 3, 5, 7.5,10 and 12.5 LPM with Reynolds number ranges of 3633≤Re≤22×103. The temperature of working fluid in the reservoir is varied from 80 to 95°C. With specific reference to pure water, the effects of Al2O3/water are evaluated using a Nusselt Number for heat transfer performance and friction factor for pressure drop characteristics. The results show that the Al2O3/water performs better thermally than water. The thermal performance increased as Reynolds number and concentration ratio increased. The results showed that with Reynolds number of 12,500 Nusselt number at concentration of 0.1%, 0.05% and 0.02% is higher than pure water by 16%, 10% and 7% respectively. At the same Reynolds number, the friction factor at concentration of 0.1%, 0.05% and 0.02% is higher than pure water by 60 %, 54% and 38% respectively. At Reynolds number of 12,500 the friction factor at 95oC is lower than that of 90oC, 85oC and 80oC by 7%, 10% and 18% respectively. At a certain Reynolds number of 12,500 Nusselt number at 95oC is higher than that of 90oC, 85oC and 80oC by 6%, 25% and 37.5% respectively. Key Words: vehicle radiators; nanofluid; performance characteristics
1. INTRODUCTION For nanofluids, Because of its high heat transfer coefficients and ability to accommodate a large heat transfer surface in a short space, cooling radiators are widely employed in several industrial applications. Cars and trucks continually need greater heat rejection because of trends towards stronger outputs. Heat transfer has a direct influence on engine performance, fuel economy, material selection, and emissions. Numerous scholars have examined the thermal efficacy of radiators. W. Yu, et al [1] The following are some advantages of enhanced radiator and heat transfer systems employing nano fluids: smaller components that take up less space under the bonnet and give designers more freedom
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