International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 11 Issue: 06 | June 2024
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
www.irjet.net
ENHANCING DURABILITY AND SUSTAINABILITY OF CONCRETE BY EXPERIMENTING ON M40 GRADE WITH GLASS POWDER (GP), MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE (MSW) AND STONE DUST. Budharapu Neha Guruswami1, Nandini2 1PG Student, Bheema Institute of Technology and Science, Adoni 2Associate Professor, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Bheema Institute of Technology and Science, Andhra Pradesh,
India ---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------Abstract - Concrete is highly versatile and extensively used 1. INTRODUCTION material in construction due to its notable strength, durability, and adaptability. Traditional concrete composed of aggregates, cement and water, can be molded into various shapes and sizes, making it suitable for a wide range of construction applications, from buildings and bridges to roads and sidewalks.
Over the past 50 years, high-strength concrete has seen significant evolution. Initially defined by strengths over 40 MPa, modern high-strength concrete often exceeds 60 MPa. It features a denser cement paste matrix with fewer capillary voids, resulting in less micro-cracking. Achieving these properties requires a higher binder content, superplasticizers, and a low water-to-binder ratio (below 0.30 by weight), which ensures low permeability and a discontinuous capillary pore structure shortly after hydration.
Glass is a prevalent material utilized in the building and construction sectors, with a substantial volume being pulverized on a daily basis. However, the disposal of glass waste poses environmental challenges, necessitating effective management strategies.
Mix design is crucial to balancing strength, durability, and cost. Historically, strengths between 35 MPa to 45 MPa were common in prestressed structures, but higher strengths became widespread in the 1990s, especially in projects like the Konkan Railway. Today, high-strength concrete is common in high-rise buildings in major Indian cities, with strengths ranging from 45 MPa to 60 MPa.
Presently, the construction industry seeks economically viable materials to augment the structural integrity of concrete infrastructure. In recent decades, there has been extensive global research into the effective utilization of Municipal Solid Waste Incineration (MSWI) residues. One promising avenue involves incorporating MSWI ashes into concrete production, akin to utilization of coal combustion products. Additionally, glass powder and municipal solid waste with particle sizes smaller than 600µm exhibit pozzolanic properties, further enhancing their potential for application in concrete formulations.
We are exploring alternative industrial materials as partial replacements for fine aggregate in concrete, including manufactured sand (M sand). Produced through crushing suitable source materials, M sand addresses environmental concerns related to natural quarry overexploitation. This is particularly important in developing countries with high concrete demand due to rapid infrastructure development. In this project, M sand is sourced from Swathi Precast Constructions in Adoni.
As seen in recent years the availability of the sand is also decreasing. Stone dust, a by-product of stone crushing processes has emerged as a promising additive in concrete production. This project investigates methods to enhance the durability and sustainability of concrete through experimental analysis on M40 grade concrete. The study explores the effects of replacing traditional constituents with alternative materials such as glass powder, municipal solid waste incineration byproducts, and stone dust. Through systematic experimentation and analysis, the project aims to identify optimal combinations that improve concrete’s durability while promoting sustainability in construction practices.
Additionally, we are investigating the partial replacement of cement with alternative waste materials like municipal solid waste (MSW) and glass powder. These materials can serve as supplementary cementitious materials, reducing environmental impact, managing waste efficiently, and lowering costs. Properly processed, these materials enhance concrete properties such as strength, durability, and workability. By optimizing the use of MSW and glass powder in concrete, this research aims to develop sustainable, resource-efficient construction practices that meet structural requirements and mitigate environmental impact.
Key Words: Concrete, Durability, Sustainability, Glass
waste, Structural integrity, MSWI residues, Pozzolanic properties, Stone dust, Alternative materials.
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