International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 11 Issue: 06 | June 2024
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
www.irjet.net
Comparative Seismic Analysis of Circular and Rectangular Building Structures Pritesh Jiwane1, Prof. Ganesh Mahalle2 1M.Tech Student, Structural and construction Engineering Department, Ballarpur Institute of Technology,
Maharashtra, India
2Assistant Professor, Structural and construction Engineering Department, Ballarpur Institute of Technology,
Maharashtra, India ---------------------------------------------------------------------***---------------------------------------------------------------------
Abstract – This research examines how different geometric
their symmetrical and continuous geometry, are theorized to achieve a more uniform stress distribution, which may enhance their performance under seismic loads. In contrast, rectangular buildings, defined by their linear and angular design, might demonstrate different stress patterns and vulnerabilities.
configurations affect a building’s seismic performance. This study is crucial for providing architects and engineers with insights to optimize designs for better seismic resilience. Using STAAD Pro software, the research develops detailed models of both circular and rectangular buildings. These models undergo simulations with various loads, including dead, live, and seismic forces. The dynamic analysis considers key seismic parameters such as response reduction factor, zone factor and importance factor to assess behavior under earthquake conditions. The analysis compares maximum displacements, support reactions, bending moments, and base shear values in different directions to evaluate the structural efficiency and stability of each shape. Findings reveal that circular buildings generally perform better under seismic conditions, showing lower maximum displacements and more stable support reactions, indicating a higher resistance to lateral forces. This suggests circular buildings are more suitable for seismic-prone areas due to their enhanced stability. The results highlight the importance of geometry in seismic design and pave the way for further innovations in earthquake-resistant structures.
The historical backdrop of this research is rooted in the development of earthquake-resistant design principles. Structures built in the early 20th century often failed to consider the dynamic nature of seismic loads, leading to significant structural failures. Over time, advancements in structural engineering, materials science, and computational modelling have transformed our understanding of designing buildings to better withstand earthquakes. Despite these advancements, the comparative seismic performance of various building geometries, specifically circular versus rectangular structures, remains underexplored. Previous research has examined various aspects of seismic design, such as the advantages of symmetry in load distribution and the difficulties posed by stress concentrations in angular geometries. Nevertheless, there is a notable gap in the literature regarding a direct comparison of circular and rectangular buildings under identical seismic conditions. This study aims to address this gap by using advanced structural modelling techniques with STAAD Pro software to simulate seismic events and evaluate the performance of both building types.
Key Words: Seismic Analysis, Circular Building Structure, Rectangular Building Structure, Comparison Circular and Rectangular, STAAD.Pro.
1.INTRODUCTION The global increase in seismic activity has highlighted the critical necessity for buildings capable of withstanding earthquakes. Earthquake-resistant design is a fundamental aspect of modern structural engineering, focused on reducing damage and safeguarding human lives. As urbanization intensifies, particularly in seismically active regions, the significance of constructing buildings with enhanced seismic resilience becomes increasingly paramount.
By conducting a thorough comparative analysis, this research intends to provide valuable insights into the seismic resilience of circular and rectangular buildings. The findings are expected to inform architectural and engineering practices, leading to the design of safer, more resilient structures in earthquake-prone areas.
1.1 Circular Building Structure
The geometry of a building significantly influences its response to seismic forces. The way seismic loads are distributed and the resulting structural behavior can vary greatly depending on the building's shape. Circular and rectangular buildings are two common architectural forms, each possessing unique characteristics that affect their performance during seismic events. Circular buildings, with
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Circular buildings, defined by their cylindrical or spherical geometry, offer unique advantages in both architectural design and structural performance. These structures are characterized by a continuous, uninterrupted form that ensures uniform stress distribution, thereby enhancing their stability under various loads. During seismic events, the
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