International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 11 Issue: 06 | Jun 2024
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p-ISSN: 2395-0072
SMART EV BATTERY SWITCHING WITH DYNAMIC TEMPERATURE CONTROL AND IoT ALERTS Pallam Raju1, Satkuri Saikiran2, Gunnala Swapna3, Velpula Maruthi4 1Assistant Professor, Dept. of Electrical &Electronics Engineering, Kamala Institute of Technology &Science(S) 234UG Student, Dept. of Electrical &Electronics Engineering, Kamala Institute of Technology &Science(S),
Huzurabad, Karimnagar, Telangana, India ---------------------------------------------------------------------***---------------------------------------------------------------------
Abstract – The most crucial part of an Electric Vehicle
intelligent system aims to enhance the efficiency and longevity of lithium-ion batteries in electric vehicles.
(EV) is the battery, and maintaining it perfectly is essential for ensuring proper operation. Lithium-ion batteries, commonly used in EVs, require effective monitoring to function optimally in all conditions. This project focuses on optimizing the performance and safety of EV batteries through the implementation of a Smart EV Battery Switching System. The system integrates Lithium-ion batteries with external temperature sensors, enabling precise monitoring of temperature variations. A microcontroller manages battery switching based on temperature and charge status, utilizing a relay mechanism for seamless power diversion between batteries. An IoT module facilitates real-time internet connectivity, enabling data exchange and enhancing system efficiency. The system includes an automatic charging mechanism that halts charging when a battery reaches full capacity, thereby preventing overcharging. Data from the EV Battery Switching System is processed on a dedicated cloud platform, where implemented rules trigger alerts for critical events such as high temperatures or fully charged batteries. Users receive prompt notifications via push notifications, ensuring timely intervention. If a battery's temperature exceeds a predefined threshold, the system intelligently switches to another battery with a lower temperature, and a cooling system manages the temperature, ensuring continuous and safe EV operation.
Rising incidents of EV fires due to overheating, overcharging, and inadequate monitoring highlight the need for advanced solutions. Our project addresses these challenges by implementing Smart EV Battery Switching with Dynamic Temperature Control and IoT Alerts, optimizing EV battery performance and safety. Electric vehicles depend on lithium-ion batteries for propulsion, and their performance is greatly influenced by temperature and charge levels. While efficient, these batteries can face issues under extreme temperatures or when operated at full charge for extended periods. To address this, we propose a system that not only monitors battery health but also actively manages it. By integrating external temperature sensors to each battery, real-time tracking of temperature variations is achieved. This data underpins our dynamic switching mechanism, ensuring batteries operate within optimal temperature ranges. Continuous monitoring through temperature sensors allows the system to make informed decisions, switching to a cooler battery if necessary, thereby preventing overheating and ensuring battery longevity. The project's scope extends to a cloud-based platform where data from the EV Battery Switching System is processed and analyzed. Implemented rules trigger alerts for high temperatures or fully charged batteries, with push notifications providing real-time information for timely intervention. This intelligent ecosystem goes beyond mere monitoring by actively managing EV batteries through dynamic switching, temperature control, and IoT-based alerts. Our goal is to enhance the reliability, longevity, and overall performance of EV batteries, contributing to the efficient and sustainable operation of electric vehicles in the evolving landscape of electric mobility.
Key Words: Electric Vehicle (EV), Lithium ion Battery, Smart Battery Switching, IoT Integration, Dynamic Temperature Control
1. INTRODUCTION The transition to electric vehicles (EVs) has led to significant advancements in automotive technology, with the core of these eco-friendly machines being their batteries. Lithium-ion batteries, known for their energy density and efficiency, are the preferred choice for powering EVs. However, to ensure optimal operation, effective monitoring systems are crucial. This paper, "Smart EV Battery Switching with Dynamic Temperature Control and IoT Alerts," explores the sophisticated management of EV batteries, focusing on monitoring battery temperature and dynamically switching between batteries based on temperature and charge status. This
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2. SYSTEM WORKFLOW When an electric vehicle (EV) starts moving, its battery monitoring system becomes active, checking the battery's temperature and charge level. If these parameters are within acceptable ranges, the system continues to monitor for any significant issues. If the battery overheats, the
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