International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 11 Issue: 06 | Jun 2024
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p-ISSN: 2395-0072
Effect of ZNO, P25 degussa, anatase and mixture of ZNO + P25 degussa on essential parameters of dairy wastewater. Swapnil Rukadikar1, Pramod K Jadhav2, Saurabh Joshi3 1Research Scholar, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, KIT’s College of Engineering
(Autonomous), Kolhapur, Maharashtra, India.
2Assitant Professor, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, KIT’s College of Engineering
(Autonomous), Kolhapur, Maharashtra, India.
3Head and Associate Professor, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, KIT’s College of Engineering
(Autonomous), Kolhapur, Maharashtra, India. ---------------------------------------------------------------------***---------------------------------------------------------------------
Abstract - The main objective of the study was to analyse
The study mainly focuses to analyse the parameters of dairy wastewater and obtain cost effective nanoparticle for treatment of wastewater. Also, its emphasis on to find optimum dose with minimal cost for effective treatment.
the effect of ZnO, P25 Degussa, Anatase and mixture of ZnO + P25 Degussa on essential parameters of dairy wastewater. Dairy wastewater contains highly putrescible organic matter which requires various biological treatment including aerobic and anaerobic process for effective solutions for dairy effluent treatment.
1.1 Overall Process Description In the Raw Milk Revolution Department (RMRD), incoming milk from dairies arrives either in cans or large truck containers. Cans are unloaded at the dock and subjected to smell testing before acceptance. Accepted cans are emptied into collecting vessels, with each institute's milk given a separate sample number. Samples are taken automatically, homogenized, and tested for fat and water percentage before being sent to the lab. The milk's rate is determined based on its quantity, fat, water percentage, and market rate. After testing, sample bottles are washed and reused. Emptied cans are inverted and sterilized with hot water before being erected and dispatched. Lids are manually washed, assembled, and loaded onto trucks. Milk from truck containers undergoes manual stirring, sampling, and testing before being transferred to silos for mixing. The truck is then sterilized, and wastewater is discharged to the Effluent Treatment Plant (ETP). Refrigeration is used to chill milk and store milk products at 4°C to inhibit bacterial growth. Pasteurization heats milk to 75°C, reducing viable pathogens and extending milk's shelf life to about two days. This process, named after Louis Pasteur, allows milk to be stored longer, enhancing its usability.
The treatment includes only preliminary treatment for oil and grease removal followed by constructing a reactor with synthetic hydrogels or additives to fix reagents, reducing retention time. The study involves mixing varying concentration of reagents, which ranges from 0.05gm, 0.1gm, 0.2gm, 0.3 gm, 0.4gm and 0.5gm per 500ml of dairy wastewater and thoroughly mixed in separate beakers to ensure uniform distribution. The optimum dose of reagent when exposed under UV light for 48 hours is determined. Key Words: Dairy wastewater, P25Degussa and UV light
1. INTRODUCTION The dairy industry, being one of the largest food processing sectors in many countries, faces significant challenges in managing its water usage and wastewater generation. With the growing demand for milk in India, the industry is poised for rapid expansion, leading to increased waste generation and environmental concern. Inadequately treated wastewater, stemming from poor design or operation of treatment systems, poses major environmental risks when discharged into land or water bodies. This industry's diverse operations generate various waste types, including organic materials, suspended solids, high levels of biochemical and chemical oxygen demand, nitrogen, oil, and grease, as well as pH fluctuations, requiring specialized treatment to prevent environmental harm. Dairy wastewater treatment is complicated by fluctuating flow rates due to production cycles. Existing treatment methods, like conventional approaches and sequencing batch reactors, often require extensive land and incur high costs, posing challenges for future sustainability.. Various techniques, including established methods, recovery processes, and emerging technologies, can be employed to enhance wastewater treatment efficiency.
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1.2 Characteristics of Wastewater Temperature: Temperature affects chemical and biological reactions in water, varying with season and sampling time. pH: pH serves as a pollution index, influenced by factors like photosynthesis, industrial water disposal, and sewage. It ranges from 0 to 14, with values below 7 being acidic, 7 neutral, and above 7 basic or alkaline. Turbidity: Turbidity indicates suspended concentration, increasing with stronger waste.
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