Volume: 11 Issue: 05 | May 2024 www.irjet.net p-ISSN:2395-0072
A Review Paper on Assessment and Impact of Role of Project Manager on Cost and Time Control in Construction Projects.
MS. Prajakta P. Khopade1, Dr. Rahul V. Kajave2
1PG student, civil (Construction Management), Tatyasaheb Kore Institute of Engineering and technology, Warananagar, Pin-416113,Maharashtra,India
2Assistant Professors, Dept. of Civil Engineering,Tatyasaheb Kore Institute of Engineering and Technology, Warananagar, Pin-416113, Maharashtra India
Abstract - The construction projects are inherently complex, often involving numerous stakeholders and facing the risk of cost and schedule overruns. Skilled project managers are crucial in mitigating these risks and ensuring projects are completed within budget and on time. This study aims to explore the impact of project manager role on cost and time control in construction projects. Drawing from a comprehensiveliteraturereview,whichincludesinsightsfrom various scholars on project management, project success factors, and risk management, this research seeks to address the gaps in current knowledge. The problem statement underscores the need for research in this area, emphasizing the critical role of project managers in navigating the complexities of construction projects. The objectives and methodology outline a mixed-methods approach, involving surveys, interviews, and data analysis, to investigate the factorsinfluencingcostandtimecontrolandtheeffectiveness of project manager skills. By examining the challenges faced byproject managers and identifying best practices, this study aims to provide valuable insights for improving project management practices in the construction industry.
Key Words: Role of project manager, Cost and Time control, Construction projects, Cost overruns, Delay in construction projects, etc
1. INTRODUCTION
In construction projects, keeping costs under control and stickingtoschedulescanbereallytough.Therearelotsof different people involved, which makes things even more complicated.Butthat'swhereagoodprojectmanagercomes in.They'relikethecaptainoftheship,guidingeveryoneand makingsurethingsstayontrack.Theirexperienceandskills aresuperimportantforavoidingproblemsandmakingsure the project gets done on time and within budget. This introduction talks about why having a skilled project managerissocrucialforsuccessfulconstructionprojects.
Some of the ways in which project manager expertise can impactcostandtimecontrolinconstructionprojects.
i. Cost planning and estimation: Experienced project managersarebetterabletoaccuratelyestimatethecostsofa project taking into account all relevant factors such as
labour,materials,equipment,andoverhead.Theyarealso more likely to be able to identify potential cost savings opportunities. This can help to prevent cost overruns and ensurethatprojectsarecompletedwithinbudget.
ii. Scheduling: Experienced project managers are able to developrealisticandachievableprojectschedules.Theyare alsoabletomonitorandtrackprogressagainsttheschedule andmakeadjustmentsasneeded.Thiscanhelptoprevent scheduleoverrunsandensurethatprojectsarecompleted ontime.
iii. Risk management: Experiencedprojectmanagersare abletoidentifyandassesspotentialriskstotheproject,and they are able to develop and implement mitigation strategies. This can help to prevent cost and schedule overrunscausedbyunexpectedevents.
iv. Communicationandcoordination: Experiencedproject managers are able to communicate and coordinate effectivelywithallstakeholdersinvolvedintheproject.This helpstoensurethateveryoneisonthesamepageandthat the project is moving forward smoothly. This can help to reduce delays and cost overruns caused by miscommunicationandcoordinationproblems.
Some examples of how project manager expertise can have a positive impact on cost and time control in construction projects:
- Aprojectmanagermay be ableto identifyand negotiate betterpriceswithsuppliersandcontractors.
-Aprojectmanagermaybeabletodevelopmoreefficient workflowsandprocesses.
-Aprojectmanagermaybeabletoanticipateandmitigate potentialrisks,suchasbadweatherordelaysinobtaining materials.
- A project manager may be able to build and maintain strong relationships with stakeholders, which can help to resolveconflictsandkeeptheprojectontrack.
Overall, the benefits of hiring and retaining experienced project managers far outweigh the costs. Construction International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN:2395-0056
International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN:2395-0056
Volume: 11 Issue: 05 | May 2024 www.irjet.net p-ISSN:2395-0072
companiesthatinvestinprojectmanagerexpertisearemore likely to be successful in delivering projects on time and withinbudget.
2. LITERATURE REVIEW
i. Ali Ghorbani (2023): This article discusses a comprehensivereviewofthecompetenciesandleadership profile of successful construction project managers. It discusses the essential skills and qualities that project managersneedtoachievetheir goalswithinbudget,time, scope,andquality.Thearticlecovershowprojectmanagers can develop their leadership skills to better manage their teamsandovercomecommonchallengesthattheymayface. The paper emphasizes the importance of combining knowledge,skill,leadership,ability,andpersonalattitudefor successfulprojectcompletion.Italsohighlightsthedynamic anduncertain natureofprojectsandtheneedfortrained, competent,andexperiencedprojectmanagersinallprojectsorientedorganizations.
ii. Dr. Md. Mahfuzul (2022): Project management and projectsuccessaretwokeyconceptsinprojectmanagement research.Scholarsandpractitionersaroundtheworldare still seeking the best definition of project success and the most effective project management methods. This article reviews different perspectives, models, hypotheses, and solutions on project success factors. It also discusses the methodologiesusedinpreviousstudiesandotheraspectsof project success factor propositions. The article integrates theories, knowledge, and ideas from a variety of research methodologies to explain project success. This approach providesaclearerunderstandingofthesubjectandhelpsto evaluatethequalityofdatacollected.Italsoencouragesthe use of information gathered from project management practicetounderstandthelinkbetweenprojectproductivity andprojectsuccess.
iii. U.SindhuVaardini(2016): InthisresearchfindoutCost overrun is considered as one of the most important problemsthatencumberprojectsprogress,sinceitreduces the contractors profit leading to enormous losses, and leavingtheprojectingreattroubles.Constructioncostisone ofthepeakcriteriaofsuccessofaprojectthroughoutitslife cycleandisofhighconcerntothosewhoareinvolvedinthe constructionindustry.Thispaperdescribesthestateofartof the research on cost overrun factors in the construction projects.Fromthereviews,anattemptismadetocultivatea robustandpracticalschemaforinterpretingtheoverrunin projectcostbasedonthefactors.Thequestionnaireswere collected and analyzed using various methods to find the mostsignificantfactorsareFrequencyIndex,SeverityIndex, Importance Index Method and Relative Importance Index method.
iv. Dr. Mounir El Khatib (2022): Project management is essential for ensuring that all risks associated with a particular project are eliminated or minimized. BIM (BuildingInformationModeling)isatechnologythatcanbe used to mitigate project risks throughout the project life cycle, from planning and design to construction management.BIMprovidesacollaborativeplatformforall projectstakeholderstoaccessandshareinformationinreal time. This can help to identify and address risks early on, beforetheycausedelaysorcostoverruns.BIMcanalsobe used to simulate different project scenarios and identify potentialrisks,whichcanhelpprojectmanagerstodevelop mitigation strategies. Despite the effectiveness of BIM in mitigatingprojectrisks,itsuseintheconstructionindustry isstillrelativelylow.Thisislikelyduetoanumberoffactors, includingalackofawarenessofthebenefitsofBIM,thecost ofimplementingBIMsoftware,andtheneedfortrainingfor project staff. The article argues that BIM is the most appropriate method for mitigating project risks in the constructionindustry.Itprovidesanumberofexamplesof howBIMhasbeenusedtosuccessfullymitigaterisksonrealworldprojects.
v. Faisal Alshammari (2020): Project managers play a crucial role in the success of construction projects. They must possess a wide range of skills, including teamwork, effectivecommunication,resourcemanagement,planning, training,andriskmanagement.Theseskillsareessentialfor coordinatingprojectdeliveryandensuringthatprojectsare completed on time, within budget, and to the required quality standards. The literature review has identified severalskillsthatareimportantforprojectmanagers,and the type of project determines the specific skills that are required. Project managers involved in complex projects need to have strong skills to handle their team and every projectparticipant.
vi. Laura Montalban Domingo (2023): Production planning is a key element for success in building project management. This research aims to analyze how the implementation of LPS and the construction management experienceoftheprojectmanagerandtheconstructionsite foreman individually influence project management’s success,gettingminimumtimeandcostdeviations.Inthis work, newly built single-family house projects were analyzed.Quantitativeandqualitativeanalyses,basedonthe Mann–WhitneyUtestandqualitativecomparativeanalysis method,respectively,wereperformedtoconstrainboththe individualandcombinedeffectsofLPS,theprojectforeman, andtheprojectmanagerintermsofcostandtimedeviation as measures of project management success.The results highlightthatforeman’sexperienceisrequiredconditionto maintaincostdeviationsunder10%.Overall,thisstudymay helpconstructionorganizationstoimprovetheirmanagerial practicesatconstructionsites.
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Volume: 11 Issue: 05 | May 2024 www.irjet.net p-ISSN:2395-0072
vii. H.C.O. Unegbu (2022): A study of 221 contractors, clients,andconsultantsfromtenconstructioncompaniesin Nigeria found that project management practices have a significant impact on project performance measures. The highest relationships were found between customer satisfaction and project success, project performance and project success and stakeholder management and project successofthe20hypothesestested14werevalidatedwith path coefficients greater than 0.1. Three hypotheses were changed and three were rejected. Two additional relationships were discovered that promoted the convergenceofthestructuralequationmodel.Construction companies should invest in training and resources to improvetheirprojectmanagementpractices.Theyshould also establish a system for regularly monitoring and evaluating their project performance. By identifying and addressingareasforimprovement,constructioncompanies canincreasetheirchancesofdeliveringsuccessfulprojects on time, within budget, and to the required quality standards.
viii. Hemanta Doloi (2014): It provides insights into the rolesofkeystakeholdersinconstructionprojectsandhow theycancontributetobettercostperformance.Theresearch identifies 73 attributes associated with cost performance and uses a relative importance weighing technique to identifykeyareasforimprovement.Thefindingsarebased on feedback from senior industry professionals and are applicabletotheconstructionindustryinAustralia.Thefile highlightstheimportanceofeffectivemanagementoffactors affectingcostoverrunswithintherolesandresponsibilities ofclients,consultants,andcontractors.Itprovidesvaluable insights for anyone involved in construction projects and interestedinimprovingcostperformance.
ix. J. Sobieraja and D. Metelskib (2023): This research article titled "Identification of the key investment project management factors in the housing construction sector in Poland" explores the crucial factors that influence project managementinthehousingconstructionindustryinPoland. The study surveyed 192 companies and used exploratory factor analysis to identify the key factors affecting project management success. The analysis revealed four pivotal factors: activity of companies in the market environment, pro-socialpolicyofthestate,highlyadvancedtechnologies, and the use of appropriate market relations. Additionally, factors such as selecting an experienced project manager, thorough risk evaluation, flexible project planning, and employee knowledge and competencies were found to be significant. The study recommends adopting PRINCE2 methodology and investing in new technologies and academicpartnershipsto enhanceprojectmanagementin the housing construction industry in Poland. Further quantitativeresearchissuggestedtoanalyzetheimpactof thesefactorsonprojectperformance.
x. Maryam Elmezain (2020): His study investigates the relationship between project manager’s skills and project success. The authors surveyed 400 project managers in Cairo, Egypt and found that project manager’s technical, conceptual, political, and human skills are all significantly related to project success. They also found that project manager’sageisnotasignificantfactorinprojectsuccess. Theauthorsarguethatprojectsuccessissubjecttoasetof comprehensive project managerial skills. They also argue thatitisimportanttodistinguishbetweenprojectmanager’s ageandexperienceand not toconsiderprojectmanager’s ageasadeterminantofprojectsuccess.
xi. Mounir El Khatib (2022): Program management is becoming increasingly complex, and program managers need specialized skills and knowledge to overcome the challengingtaskstheyfaceinensuringthatallprojectsand program components are moving according to plan. This researchpaperexploresandstudiestheusageofsimulation tools in program management and investigates whether program management can benefit from existing project managementsimulationtools.Italsoexamineshowcurrent simulationtoolscanbeenhancedforprogrammanagement and whether separate software is needed or whether it is better to enhance current software. The study uses observation to explore these questions and come up with appropriaterecommendationsandsuggestions.Itwilldefine simulationtoolsingeneral,theirobjectives,prosandcons, challenges and opportunities, and provide a sample of project management simulation tools. The study will then useresearchmethodssuchassurveysandquestionnairesto interviewprogrammanagersandgetanunderstandingof their requirements for simulation tools. The study is qualitativeduetothelackofsecondarydata.Itisexpected that the study will provide a better understanding of the programmanager'srequirementsforsimulationtoolsand make recommendations on how to improve the usage of simulationtoolsinprogrammanagement.
xii. Raj Kapur Shah (2016): This paper investigates the challenges of delay and cost overrun in construction projects, emphasizing their negative impact. By analyzing threecasestudiesfromAustralia,Ghana,andMalaysia,the studyidentifieskeyfactorscausingdelaysandcostoverruns. Each country exhibits unique influential factors, such as planningdeficienciesinAustralia,paymentdelaysinGhana, and contractor-related issues in Malaysia. The research underscoresthenecessityfortailoredmeasurestoaddress diverse delay factors, emphasizing the importance of country-specificstrategiesformitigatingprojectdelaysand cost overruns in both developed and developing nations withintheconstructionindustry.
xiii. Sofiat O. Abioye (2019): The construction industry faces a number of complex challenges, including cost and time overruns, health and safety issues, productivity declines, and labor shortages. AI has the potential to revolutionizetheconstructionindustrybyaddressingthese
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Volume: 11 Issue: 05 | May 2024 www.irjet.net p-ISSN:2395-0072
challenges. The article reviews the current state of AI applications in the construction industry, examining the different AI techniques being used and identifying the opportunitiesandchallengesforAIadoption.Theauthors identify a number of key AI applications that have the potential to improve construction efficiency, safety, and profitability.Thearticleconcludesbydiscussingthepathway to realizing the full benefits of AI in the construction industry. This includes addressing the challenges of data availabilityandquality,as well as developing AIsolutions that are tailored to the specific needs of the construction industry.
3.OBJECTIVES
i.Toidentifythemostcriticalfactorsthatimpactoncostand delayforselectedconstructionproject.
ii.TocarryoutdataanalysisusingRelativeImportanceIndex method.
iii.To identify the key competencies, skills and tools of projectmanagersthataremostimportantforcostandtime control.
iv.Toassesstheimpactofprojectmanagerroleoncostand timecontrolinconstructionprojects.
4. METHODOLOGY
i.Findingthemostcriticalattributesofcostanddelaywith thehelpofspecificcasestudybyquestionarysurvey.
ii.Analyze and ranking the factors which impact cost and delaybyRelativeImportanceIndexmethod.
iii.Observe the way of incorporation of various tools and programmeusedbyprojectmanagerinvariousactivities.
iv.Construction projects located in Kolhapur have been chosenforthedatacollectionpurposeofthestudy.
5. SCOPE OF THE WORK
Conductacomprehensivereviewoftheexistingliteratureon project management expertise and its impact on cost and time control in construction projects. This will help to identifythegapsintheliteratureandthekeyareasthatneed to be investigated. Develop a research design that is appropriate for the research question and objectives. This may involve a quantitative study, a qualitative study, or a mixed-methodsstudy.Analyzethecollecteddatatoidentify patterns and trends. This may involve using statistical software or qualitative data analysis software. Discuss the findings of the research and draw conclusions about the impactofroleofprojectmanageroncostandtimecontrolin construction project. Develop recommendations for improvingprojectmanagerexpertiseincostandtimecontrol.
6.CONCLUSIONS
In conclusion, the research highlights the critical role of project manager in controlling costs and schedules in construction projects. Skilled and experienced project managers can significantly impact project success by effectively managing cost planning and estimation, scheduling, risk management, and communication with stakeholders. The literature review emphasizes the importance of identifying and addressing factors that contributetocostoverrunsanddelays,aswellastheneed for tailored strategies to mitigate these challenges in different project contexts. By understanding the key competencies,skills,andtoolsrequiredforeffectiveproject management, construction companies can invest in developing their project managers to enhance project outcomes. The study aims to contribute to the body of knowledge by investigating the specific ways in which project manager role influences cost and time control, ultimately providing recommendations for improving projectmanagementpracticesintheconstructionindustry.
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