International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 11 Issue: 05 | May 2024
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p-ISSN: 2395-0072
Investigation on Mechanical Properties of 3D Printed PLA Pattern for Sand Casting Application Santosh V. Janamtti1, Banushankar2, Shivakumar M3 G.Naveen4, B Mahesh5 1Ballari Institute of Technology and Management Ballari, Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belagavi,
Karnataka, India
2-5 UG, Students Ballari Institutes of Technology and Management Ballari, Visvesvaraya Technological University,
Belagavi, Karnataka, India ---------------------------------------------------------------------***---------------------------------------------------------------------
Abstract - 3D printing patterns has been proposed as an
causes printed items to distort when exposed to heated environments. One kilograms spools of either material cost approximately $50 (in early 2014) [1]. With this entire in mind, it's simple to see why many 3D printer makers are creating and supporting 3D printers that only use PLA
alternative for pattern production; however it has not been widely adopted as a popular alternative to conventional/traditional casting techniques. The purpose of using this rapid prototyping method is to prevent material waste in pattern creation while also lowering costs and improving time management. CNC machined patterns are used in the traditional way of creating castings with materials such as metals. CNC prototype has its own limitations, including geometric mistakes induced by machine tool precision and thermal inaccuracies generated by frictional forces between the tool and the work piece. This work is to enlighten the foundry engineers to make use of rapid prototyping technology to eliminate the material wastage in pattern production, reduce the cost and time in the production of accuracy casting of an acceptable quality. The present work is to replace a wooden pattern with a 3 D printed pattern for which a simple split pattern is designed and taken into consideration for fabrication in rapid prototyping process which thereby used in aluminium sand casting. Further investigated mechanical properties of PLA, prepared the samples as per the ASTM standard conducted experiments and compared with wooden pattern. PLA pattern materials showed good mechanical properties then wood materials for pattern.
Many people are already printing in PLA at home using personal 3D printers, and many more will do so shortly. MakerBot alone has sold over 15,000 3D printers over the last five years [3]. ABS material qualities and features have been extensively investigated, with numerous experiments testing print orientations [4-9]. Most of these investigations were conducted on "professional" type machines. Consumer machines' print quality for ABS has been mostly untested, and literature addressing material property features of 3Dprinted PLA could not be discovered. The purpose of this study is to gain an understanding of the behaviour of 3D-printed PLA using a consumer-level 3D printer. Specimens were printed to evaluate tensile strength, flexural strength, and fatigue, and the filament was also tensile tested. By default, if the Maker Ware software, used by the MakerBot line of 3D printers, is instructed to produce a specimen/object at 100% infill, the slicing programme will print in alternate raster orientations, layer by layer. A bespoke printing profile was created for each specimen to print totally in a single raster orientation in order to investigate the relationship between printing orientation and material distortion.
Key Words: Complex Patterns, Rapid Prototyping, 3D Printed pattern, Sand casting FMD macine.PLA.
1. INTRODUCTION
2. EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURES
3D printers have become affordable to the dedicated home user. In fact, many high-quality 3D printers cost less than $3000, including dual extruders and a heated build surface [1]. Many of these consumer-level 3D printers are advertised as printers that use the Polylactic Acid (PLA) material rather than the more typical, but more difficult to print with, Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS). PLA is stronger than ABS, but it's less durable. PLA has a reduced coefficient of thermal expansion, which mitigates the impacts of warping, non-adherence to the printed surface, and big sections splitting during printing. PLA also does not provide the same health dangers as ABS when printed in poorly ventilated environments [2]. The most obvious downside of PLA is its low deflection temperature under load (50 to 140°C), which
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Several forms of mechanical property tests were performed on PLA filament and PLA 3D-printed specimens. The CUBEXR33, a consumer 3D printer, was used to print all of the specimens. The slicing/printing software was controlled by custom printing profiles, which allowed for printing in a single set raster orientation for the entire specimen. To make all specimens as comparable as feasible, each specimen was printed individually in the centre of the printing bed. All specimens had two "shells" around the periphery, and the inside was printed with 100% infill density at specific raster orientations. The PLA material was extruded at 240°C at a speed of 15mm/sec, with the heated bed surface set to 65°C, layer resolution of 70-300 microns, a nozzle diameter of
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