International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 11 Issue: 04 | Apr 2024
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
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ANALYSIS OF THE CHALLENGES IN CHARGING OF E-VEHICLE Dev Prakash Tiwari1, Suraj2, Aditya Mishra3 1B.Tech. Mechanical Engineering (Evening) Scholar, School of Mechanical Engineering, Lingaya’s Vidyapeeth,
Faridabad, Haryana, India
2B.Tech. Mechanical Engineering (Evening) Scholar, School of Mechanical Engineering, Lingaya’s Vidyapeeth,
Faridabad, Haryana, India
3B.Tech. Mechanical Engineering (Evening) Scholar, School of Mechanical Engineering, Lingaya’s Vidyapeeth,
Faridabad, Haryana, India ---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------assessment (LCA), charging, and driving range. The Abstract – One significant way to cut greenhouse gas
manufacture of electric vehicles emits 59% more CO2 than that of internal combustion engines. From a tank to wheel perspective, the ICEV emits 120 g/km of CO2, but from an LCA perspective, this rises to 170–180 g/km. Although CO2 emissions from EVs are zero from tank to wheel, we estimate that average CO2 emissions are assessed across the car's life cycle rather than just one vehicle. Depending on the power source used when the car is made and operated, the overall CO2 output during its lifetime varies greatly [2]. Due to the transportation sector's harmful emissions and various OEM investments, there is a rising worry about the need for more affordable and efficient electric vehicles in the years to come. The adoption of EVs in India may be influenced by a number of variables, including improvements in technology, falling car prices, government policy support, incentives for buying new cars, parking benefits, and well-developed public charging infrastructure. Since there is relatively little manufacturing of EVs, their entire market share in India is quite small. Electric vehicles (EVs) may be classified into three categories: i) three-wheelers, such as e-rickshaws; ii) four-wheelers, which include electric automobiles. The Reva Electric Car, the country's first electric vehicle manufacturer, was founded in the early 2000s with the goal of producing automobiles at a reasonable price point using cutting-edge technology. Mahindra Electric Mobility Ltd., the only producer of BEVs, is at the top of the Indian market. Honda Motors Co. Ltd., BMW AG, Volvo Car Corporation, Toyota Kirloskar Motor Pvt. Limited, and other significant HEV manufacturers are also present in the Indian market. The Mahindra e2oPlus, Mahindra e-Verito, Mahindra e-KUV 100, Eddy Controls Love Bird, Atom Motors Stellar, and Tata Tiago Electric were a few of the other models [3]. 3202 million metric tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent were India's total greenhouse gas emissions in 2014, making up 6.55% of the world's total emissions. The energy sector accounts for 68% of greenhouse gas emissions in India. Then come improvements in land use and forestry, waste, manufacturing, agriculture, and 6.0%, 3.8%, and 1.9% of emissions, respectively [4]. For the purpose of standardising the grid with a significant portion of variable renewable energy output, an electric car may be used as a flexible load [5]. Because a single transaction has little influence, the owners of electric vehicles do not engage in the energy
emissions is by using electric cars. In addition to lowering reliance on fossil fuels, electric cars help lessen the effects of compounds that deplete the ozone layer and encourage the widespread use of renewable energy sources. Electric car manufacturing and network models are still limited and evolving despite extensive study on the features and properties of electric vehicles as well as the nature of their charging infrastructure. The study addresses the various modelling approaches and optimisation methods used in the studies of the market penetration rates of electric vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles, plug-in hybrid electric vehicles, and battery electric vehicles. The report is distinctive in that it addresses the fundamental obstacles and inadequate charging infrastructure for a developing nation like India. When renewable energy sources are unavailable, there is now an additional power source thanks to the development of the innovative Vehicle-to-Grid concept. We come to the conclusion that considering the unique qualities of electric cars is crucial to their mobility. Keywords: Optimisation methods, E-Vehicle, Charging, Hybrid vehicle etc.
1. INTRODUCTION Electric vehicles (EVs) are emerging as a possible avenue for enhancing air quality, energy security, and economic opportunity due to the fast growth of the Indian automobile sector. The Indian government understands how important it is to investigate sustainable mobility options in order to lessen reliance on foreign energy sources, cut greenhouse gas emissions, and lessen the negative effects of transport, such as global warming. By adopting preventative steps to lessen the catastrophic climate change that threatens the planet's biodiversity, carbon dioxide emissions may be decreased. Significant efforts have been made to reduce the amount of fossil fuels used for energy production, transportation propulsion, energy consumption, and carbon sequestration protection. An approach to reduce carbon dioxide petrol emissions might be electric vehicles [1]. Even if EV adoption has started, people still rely on cars that run on fossil fuels. In contrast to traditional fossil fuel-powered cars, electric vehicles (EVs) have difficulties with life cycle
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