International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 11 Issue: 04 | Apr 2024
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
www.irjet.net
MANUFACTURING OF BRICKS USING SEWAGE SLUDGE AND IRON TAILINGS HIMA K H1, NAINA NATARAJAN2, PRAHLAD K RAMESH3, AKHILA R4, Dr. MATHEW B V5 1B. Tech Civil Engineering, Student, JCET, Palakkad, Kerala, India 2B. Tech Civil Engineering, Student, JCET, Palakkad, Kerala, India
B. Tech Civil Engineering, Student, JCET, Palakkad, Kerala, India B. Tech Civil Engineering, Student, JCET, Palakkad, Kerala, India 5Professor, Dept. of Civil Engineering, JCET, Palakkad, Kerala, India ---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------3 4
Abstract – Finding alternative sources of raw materials is
bricks to reduce the clay content in bricks and thereby protecting the environment. Conventional cement brick is a mixture of cement and aggregate. Properties of aggregate affect the durability and performance of bricks. The mostly used fine aggregate is natural river or pit sand. Aggregates constitute about 75% of total volume.
essential for sustainability of construction. Engineers are increasingly striving to use wastes as a sustainable supplement for conventional building materials. Many researchers have been advocating various processes to utilize the waste materials in as a supplement to the scarce traditional sources. Nowadays decomposition of waste materials is one of the most difficult problems, which affects the environment. Sewage sludge is the residual left from sewage treatment processes. Sludge production raises proportionately to the wastewater collection at treatment facility and also increase in the amount of effluent in water. Sewage sludge contains pathogens and potentially harmful chemicals that cause risk to human health. Hence by making use of this material, it will become a remedy for this problem. Iron tailings, is a waste material from blacksmith's workshop. The inclusion of iron tailings and sewage sludge offers ideas and a vision for recycling waste to enhance the qualities of construction materials and prevent the loss of natural resources like clay. Through this study, different proportions of sludge and iron tailings are used to cast clay and cement bricks. While also increasing the usage of industrial wastes and improving sustainability of bricks as a construction material.
Sewage sludge, also known as biosolids, is the semi-solid material left over after wastewater treatment processes. Treated sludge, also known as biosolids, is sewage sludge that has undergone a treatment process to reduce the levels of pathogens and contaminants and make it safe for beneficial use. Sludge from waste water is biodegradable but it requires large area and time to dispose completely. Use of sludge from waste water treatment plants in the production of bricks not only reduce the environmental harm but also reduce cost of production of bricks as sludge is waste material. The sewage sludge has plastic properties similar to that of clay and hence the clay is replaced by sludge. Iron tailings is also a waste material obtained from blacksmith’s workshop waste. Iron tailings can be added to clay bricks as a fluxing agent to impart heat to the clay during firing and also improve the compressive strength. The addition of iron tailings in clay brick production can have several benefits, including improved strength and enhanced aesthetics.
Key Words: Bricks, Sewage sludge, Iron tailings, Waste management, Recycling waste, Sustainable construction materials.
To introduce a satisfactory means of disposal, these two wastes were combined to produce a building material. It gives an innovative approach to convert largely unacceptable wastes to a beneficial and useful material. The reuse of sludge as brick material is a long- term approach to sludge disposal for economic and environmental sustainability. Here, bricks have to be cast for various proportions of sludge, iron filings and soil mixture. The structural and environmental suitability of the brick have to be evaluated and they have been tested for various engineering properties.
1.INTRODUCTION Clay bricks are made from clay that is usually mixed with sand and other additives to enhance its properties. The mixture is then formed into rectangular blocks using moulds, which are then left to dry in the sun or in a controlled environment. After drying, the bricks are fired in a kiln at high temperatures to make them strong and durable. One of the advantages of clay bricks is that they are environmentally friendly, as they are made from natural materials and are recyclable. They also provide excellent thermal insulation, helping to keep buildings cool in the summer and warm in the winter. So many attempts have been made to incorporate the wastes into the production of
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2. THE METHODOLOGY
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Collection of raw materials. Identification of properties of materials.
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