International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 11 Issue: 04 | Apr 2024
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
www.irjet.net
AUTOMATIC TRAIN BRAKING SYSTEM TO AVOID ACCIDENTS USING, ULTRASONIC SENSORS Sandeep Shukla1,Sachin Dwivedi2 , Tularam Sahu3 , K. Ashish4 1234Student Of Mechanical Engineering, Chouksey Engineering College Bilaspur C.G
---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------gates, dangerous crossings, train conductor negligence, ABSTRACT – and low public awareness are the most common causes of train collisions.
The railway is generally the most welcoming and extensively used mode of transportation in cities across the world. Train travel is a popular mode of transportation due to its affordability, comfort, and safety. It is something that people in a variety of professions can work at. Every year, more than 5 billion people travel by rail throughout the globe, carrying almost 10,000 billion tone-kilometers of freight. The train transport system is essential in today's world for business travel as well as for safety and comfort. But due to missed signals, incorrect track switching, dangerous level crossings, etc., the train runs into unanticipated situations at every turn, which have led to crashes. The economic sector has been severely harmed as a result. But by using ultrasonic sound in combination with a specialized embedded system to create a collision detection technology that can identify obstacles and gradually reduce speed by activating the air brake to stop the train before the collision occurs, we can prevent this unexpected collision and take proactive measures to prevent the accident.
LITERATURE REVIEWIn the automation sector, designers have proposed several enhancements. A precise short-range radar system was developed for anti-collision applications where automated braking is performed in response to collision risk detection and where there is a very high detection probability combined with a very low false alarm rate. To ensure a smooth and steady parking experience, the recommended brake controller for an automated parking system in a car works in concert with the system. The autonomous antilock braking system (ABS), designed for four-wheel drive vehicles, can override the vehicle's traction control. Through the prevention of wheel lock-up, ABS serves to maintain the vehicle's directional stability when braking in an emergency or on icy roads. Modern car braking systems have advanced significantly in recent years.
INTRODUCTION –
COMPONENTS -
The world's most popular and friendly form of transportation is the train. On the other hand, rail transportation faces numerous difficulties on a daily basis. With the countless advancement that occurred between 1820 and 2016, rail transport systems—which began in England in the 1820s—have become one of the most popular forms of transportation in the globe. Over 5 billion people and 10,000 billion freight ton-kilometers are transported each year, according to a Railway Statistical Report. According to economists, having a contemporary rail system is a key sign of a country's economic development. However, train transit systems are not safe at the moment.
The proposed system offers an enhanced approach to object monitoring by utilizing an Arduino microcontroller, an ultrasonic sensor, and a radar module. The radar will determine the object's distance from the train, and the ultrasonic sensor will ensure that no accidents are caused by the train colliding with objects. The generation of sound waves at a frequency inaudible to humans is how ultrasonic sensors work. They then wait for the sound to be reflected back, timed the amount of time it takes to determine the distance. This is similar to how radar determines the duration of a radio signal's reflection off an item.
Numerous crashes occur frequently in several nations when trains are traveling. However, if railroads are equipped with anti-accident technology (ACT), all accidents can be prevented. This state-of-the-art technology detects collision objects at a specific distance from the train and employs ultrasonic and embedded systems to prevent collisions dynamically and effectively. The train disaster is one of the riskiest incidents in history. Faulty lights or signals, faulty machinery, absent safety
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