International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 11 Issue: 04 | Apr 2024
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
www.irjet.net
REVOLUTIONIZING RABIES CONTROL:A MODERN APPROACH TO TACKLING INDIA’S CANINE CRISIS Murugavel Elakkiya1, Saravanan Madhumitha2, Deivasagayam Cathalin Salaman3 Nagappan Muthukumaran ⁴, Aziza Seitova⁵, Aigul Momunova⁶ 1,2,3,4 Student, Medicine, International Medical Faculty Of Osh State University, Osh, Kyrgyzstan. 5Teacher Of Pharmacology Department, International Medical Faculty Of Osh State University, Osh, Kyrgyzstan.
⁶HOD Of Pathology Basic And Clinical Pharmacology Department, Associate Professor, Osh, Kyrgyzstan. ---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------3.METHOD OF STUDY Abstract - Rabies presents as an acute Inflammation of the brain and spinal cord in humans and animals, caused by the rabies virus. The virus is commonly transmitted through animal bites. Throughout history, Rabies has left a significant mark . Globally , dogs serve as the primary carriers, while wild animals, particularly bats, pose the most significant threat to humans in North America . Following an Incubation period , the rabies virus spreads rapidly through the nervous system using fast axonal transport. Rabies can be effectively prevented if recognized promptly after an Animal bite through proper wound cleansing and the administration of Rabies vaccine and immune globulin.
CAUSES 1] Bite from an Infected animals namely bats, raccoons , cats, dogs, Skunk, foxes etc… 2]Scratches from an infected animal. 3] Contact with the saliva or nervous system tissue of an infected Animal. SYMPTOMS Early symptoms(1-2 weeks after exposure): • Fever. • Headache. • Weakness. • Malaise. • Anorexia. • General discomfort. • Nausea. • Pharyngitis • Emesis.
KeyWords: Rabies, Vaccines, Fatalities, Dog bites, Prognosis
1.INTRODUCTION “A stitch in time saves nine, especially with rabies.”
Neurological symptoms(2-4 weeks after exposure): • Hydrophobia. • Muscle spasms. • Seizures. • Paralysis. • Confusion. • Anxiety. • Agitation. • Hallucinations. • Insomnia. • Abnormal vocalization.
Rabies is an acute viral disease, one of the most important Zoonotic diseases, that causes Encephalitis (Inflammation of the brain) in humans and warm -blooded animals. It is historically referred to as Hydrophobia (i.e.,fear of water). It is primarily transmitted through saliva/bites/scratches/licks from rabid Animals. This virus belongs to RHABDOVIRIDAE family (Genus : Lyssavirus), with a distinct bullet shape and a genome encoding with five proteins – Nucleoprotein(N), Phosphoprotein(P), Matrix protein(M), Glycoprotein(G) and polymerase(L).
CLINICAL PHASES Rabies typically progress through several stages:
2.OBJECTIVE
Incubation period: • It is typically 2-3 months, and varies significantly from 1 week to 1 year, depending on factors like location of the virus entry and the viral load. Prodromal period: • In this period, Rabies lasts 2-10 days and is characterized by mild and nonspecific symptoms, eg. Malaise Chills, Fever, Headache, Photophobia,
1) The aim of this article is to understand the causes, risk factors, treatment , clinical features, prevention and other aspects of Rabies. 2) The investigative study was carried out from online resources like scholarly journals and articles authored by numerous well – known experts in the fields.
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