International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 11 Issue: 04 | Apr 2024
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
www.irjet.net
“Speed control of DC motor using closed loop PID controller in PLC’’ Vaishnavi R. Kakade1, Prerna B. Rajput2, Ashutosh U. Kale3, Prof Darandale R. A.4 123Student, Dr. Vithalrao Vikhe Patil College of Engineering, Ahmednagar
4Assistant Professor, Dr. Vithalrao Vikhe Patil College of Engineering, Ahmednagar, Maharashtra, India
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Abstract: PLC is considered an important component in
permanent magnet DC motor. The electrical control system is shown in Figure 1.
many different applications. In this paper, PID controller is designed to control motor speed based on input data and automatic maintenance. The control system uses powerful MATLAB and Simulink software for simulation. Simulation results also show that the engine has better performance; This can reduce rise time, steady-state error and overshoot, and improve safety. Key Words: PMDC motor, Programmable Logic Controller, PID Controller, DC drive, HMI Monitor, High Speed Counter, GMWIN Programming, MATLAB Software.
1. INTRODUCTION Due to the high efficiency of DC motors, these motors have fast switching speed and can be used in many applications. The biggest advantage of using a DC motor in today's world is the ability to control the speed and angle of the motor. This project is about controlling the speed of a DC motor using a programmable logic controller. These controllers have advantages over traditional controllers. The advantages are obvious, such as reduced control panel size, low power consumption and durable equipment that can operate normally even in the worst case. The use of PLC in controlling operations began in 1968 and its development has been very rapid in recent years.
Fig 1. Wiring scheme of system
2. CONTROL SYSTEM DESIGN PLC is an important part of the work. We use PLC to control motor speed. First of all, the motor speed is sent to the PLC by the shaft encoder, and then the PLC generates a control signal according to the program and PID controller to reach the desired speed. The analog signal of the D/A module is sent to the DC driver. When the control signal is received, the driver sends the required voltage to the motor. PLC receives the signal from the shaft encoder each time, PLC measures the motor speed and produces the signal to reach the highest speed in the shortest time and complete the process each time, the error is constant and low in the stable state. The HMI monitor displays the coefficients of the PID controller with the desired speed and motor power and plots the motor power against time. Additionally, using the HMI buttons, this function can change the PID coefficients and desired motor speed. The PLC used in this project is G7M-DR20U produced by LS company. One type of DC motor is the permanent magnet DC motor (PMDC). In this project, we use the MFA56VL model, which is a
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Impact Factor value: 8.226
Fig 2. The PID controller diagram The schematic of the PID controller in this circuit is shown in Figure 2. To get the best stability, overshoot and timing we need to adjust the PID parameters manually and analogy. The shaft encoder detects the speed and adjusts the speed.
2.1. Simulation In this section, PID controller is used to control the PMDC motor. Simulation is achieved by calculating changes in the system. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of the control system, and the changes in the control coefficients in the system simulation are shown in Fig 3, 4, 5 and 6.
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