International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 11 Issue: 04 | Apr 2024
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
www.irjet.net
Closed Loop Chopper controlled DC motor Drives Asst.Professor R. Mahalakshmi1, H. Likhitha2, K. Gulshan kumar3, M. Anil kumar4 1Asst.Professor, Dept. of EEE, Visakha Institute of Engineering & Technology, A.P, India 2Student, Dept. of EEE, Visakha Institute of Engineering & Technology, A.P, India 3Student, Dept. of EEE, Visakha Institute of Engineering & Technology, A.P, India 4Student, Dept. of EEE, Visakha Institute of Engineering & Technology, A.P, India
---------------------------------------------------------------------***---------------------------------------------------------------------
Abstract – Closed-loop chopper-controlled DC motor
to variable DC output voltage. Choppers are essential for efficient power control and signal application.
drives are sufficient in range of industrial and Consumer applications due to their precise speed and required control capabilities. This technology offers the advantages of DC motors with the precision of closed-loop control systems, resulting in efficient and reliable motor operation. To Enhance the performance of DC motors closed loop control systems have been developed and one of the key technologies is Chopper control. The chopper circuit is responsible for regulating the voltage supplied to the DC motor, it can operate in four quadrants, meaning that it can provide positive or negative voltage and current to the motor, allowing it to run in forward or reverse direction and to brake in regenerative mode. Speed controller (PI) and current controller plays a crucial role in maintaining desired motor behavior by adjusting the chopper pulse width modulation (PWM) signals.
Fig.1 chopper diagram.
1.2 Classification of choppers: 1.2.1 AC LINK CHOPPER: In this classification of the chopper, the voltage inversion takes place. The DC voltage is converted into AC voltage with the help of inverter. Now this AC voltage is passed through a step-down or step-up transformers. The output from the transformers is again converted into DC by a rectifier.
Key Words: Choppers, Closed loop, Speed controller, DC motor drives, Four quadrant operation, DC power, wave forms
1.INTRODUCTION
1.2.2 DC LINK CHOPPER:
Closed-loop chopper-controlled DC motors represent a sophisticated and faster approach to motor control, enabling precise and efficient results of motor speed and torque. Here separately excited dc motor drive is used because of its flexible control characteristics in which chopper is used to control the motor speed due to its less loss, high efficiency, lightweight, and quick response. The closed loop control of the chopper drive consists of two loops: an inner current loop and outer speed loop. The inner current loop regulates the armature current of the motor by comparing the actual current with the reference given current, which is derived from the outer speed loop. The speed loop controls the speed of the motor by comparing with the actual speed with the reference speed, which is usually set by the user or a higherlevel controller. The speed loop controller can also adjust the reference current according to the load torque and the operating modes of the drive.
DC chopper works on DC voltage. They can work as a step up and step-down transformers on DC voltage. They convert the steady constant DC voltage into a higher value or lower value based on their type. DC choppers are more efficient, speed and optimized devices.
1.3 Closed Loop Control System:
Fig.1.3 Closed Loop Control System
1.1 Choppers:
A closed-loop control system is also called it as feedback control system. It is automatically regulating a system to maintain a desired state or set point. The term “closed-loop” refers to the feedback loop established within the system. In
A Chopper is a high-speed semiconductor switch(S) that operates in an “on” or “off” state. Chopper circuit is a type of DC to DC converters. They change the fixed input DC voltage
© 2024, IRJET
|
Impact Factor value: 8.226
|
ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal
|
Page 1392