International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 11 Issue: 04 | Apr 2024
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
www.irjet.net
TREATMENT OF WASTEWATER AND GENERATION OF ELECTRICITY USING CONSTRUCTED WETLAND - MICROBIAL FUEL CELLS Mrs. Swara Bambade1, Mrugaya Pujare2, Shreya Jagtap3 , Aditya Tandale4, Sureshkumar Yadav5 1Asst. Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, New Horizon Institute of Technology and Management,
Maharashtra, India
2B.E. student, Department of Civil Engineering, New Horizon Institute of Technology and Management,
Maharashtra, India
3B.E. student, Department of Civil Engineering, New Horizon Institute of Technology and Management,
Maharashtra, India
4B.E. student, Department of Civil Engineering, New Horizon Institute of Technology and Management,
Maharashtra, India
5B.E. student, Department of Civil Engineering, New Horizon Institute of Technology and Management,
Maharashtra, India ---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------1.1 Constructed Wetland Abstract - The production of pollutants in wastewater has been increasing day by day, necessitating the reclamation of wastewater for reuse. While the traditional constructed wetland method has been used to naturally remove pollutants from water, it is no longer efficient on its own. Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) have garnered global attention as an emerging environmental treatment technology. Previous studies have demonstrated that constructed wetland-microbial fuel cells (CWL-MFCs) are an eco-friendly and sustainable technology capable of simultaneously removing contaminants and generating electricity. The advantages of CW-MFCs include high treatment efficiency, electricity generation, and the reduction of persistent pollutants.
Key Words: wastewater treatment, generation of electricity, constructed wetland-microbial fuel cells, pollutant removal
1. INTRODUCTION In the current scenario, wastewater disposal has become a serious issue due to the increased concentration of pollutants and wastewater generation. This increase is attributed to factors such as the rise in the standard of living, climate change, excessive population growth, and more. Connecting the entire population to a sewerage system and treating wastewater in a centralized Sewage Treatment Plant (STP) is challenging. This is because building a new STP in a city or town requires a substantial capital investment and a large land area. The discharge of wastewater from various sources, including industries, residences, agriculture, and commercial activities, poses a threat to nature and contributes to waterborne diseases. The lack of proper wastewater treatment and rapid urbanization are exacerbating the situation.
© 2024, IRJET
|
Impact Factor value: 8.226
|
Constructed wetland (CW) technology utilizes natural processes to efficiently remove contaminants, offering an environmentally safe and cost-effective alternative to traditional energy-intensive treatment methods. It has been successfully used to treat various types of wastewaters, including municipal, urban, industrial, and agricultural, storm water run-off, mining effluents, leachates, and septic tank effluent. Constructed wetlands are a low-cost option for treating different types of wastewaters such as domestic, industrial, and agricultural run-off, including dairy and livestock wastewater. They are easy to maintain and operate and can transform many persistent pollutants found in conventional wastewater into harmless by-products. While constructed wetlands have proven to be effective for both conventional and nonconventional pollutants, they do have some limitations, such as substrate clogging, low pollutant removal efficiency, and inability to address specific pollutants. Therefore, it is important to combine this technique with another suitable method to overcome these limitations and simultaneously increase its efficiency.
1.2 Microbial Fuel Cell System MFC, or Microbial Fuel Cell, represents a cutting-edge technology consisting of a cathode, an anode, and a proton exchange membrane; combine microbial and electrochemical processes to form an intrinsic electrochemical system that transforms chemical energy into electrical energy. These components work together to provide electrical energy using microorganisms as biocatalysts and organic materials as substrates. This revolutionary technology offers a more energy-efficient alternative to traditional wastewater treatment plants, as it harnesses the organic matter in wastewater to generate ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal
|
Page 1327