International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 11 Issue: 04 | Apr 2024
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
www.irjet.net
Design and Development of Semi-Trailing Suspension System for an All-Terrain Vehicle Tejas Gami1, Soham Gadade2, Sahil Mhadlekar3, Dhanraj Nagure4, Prof. Nilesh Shinde5 1,2,3.4Bachelor of Engineering, Mechanical Department, Datta Meghe College of Engineering, Airoli
5Professor, Mechanical Department, Datta Meghe College of Engineering, Airoli, Maharashtra, India
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Abstract - The semi-trailing arm is an enhanced version of
produced with competition in mind, meaning that they must be able to withstand the roughest road conditions. A vehicle's suspension system is crucial to its stability and control. Comparing semi-trailing arms to other types of rear suspension, there are numerous benefits.
the trailing arm and swing axle suspension systems that balances their respective benefits and drawbacks. The semitrailing arm suspension system's characteristic parameters are identified in order to maximize an all-terrain vehicle's handling and stability performances. There are two different kinds of objective functions defined: off-line and on-line. The off-line goal function takes into account variations in the tire track, toe angle, and camber caused by roll. The handling and stability characteristics of a moving vehicle during a typical Jturn maneuver are taken into account in the online goal function. A non-linear vehicle model with nine degrees of freedom, having semi-trailing arm and double wishbone suspensions in the rear and front axles, respectively, is investigated. The optimized suspension systems obtained from both off-line and on-line objective functions are utilized in making two accurate vehicle models in Lotus Software for experimental field test. A comparison between the behaviors of the two vehicles shows that despite the simplicity of optimization with off-line objective functions relative to online1, it returns the satisfactory results and improves both the handling and stability performances.
1.1 OBJECTIVES OF SUSPENSION DESIGN The main objectives of the design of the suspension system are: To minimize dynamic camber and toe changes in wheel travel to optimize the contact patch and thereby handling. To optimize rolling characteristics by increasing roll center height. This makes the car more responsive and this setting is ideal for tracks with quick direction changes. To synchronize the dynamic roll center variation for front and rear for better and predictable handling. To minimize trackwidth variations to reduce plunging of the shaft. To minimize unsprung mass to have more grip in irregular terrain and thereby improve performance.
Key Words: Semi trailing arm, tire track, toe angle, camber, roll, degrees of freedom, Lotus software, optimization.
2. NEED OF THE PROJECT
1. INTRODUCTION
• Better Handling: Proper tire alignment and contact with the road surface are maintained with the aid of semi-trailing arms, which improves handling and stability of the car. • Control of Camber and Toe Angles: During suspension travel, semi-trailing arms can regulate the wheels' camber and toe angles to keep them within permissible bounds. • Rear Axle Location: Semi-trailing arms assist in maintaining the proper rear axle positioning in rear-wheeldrive and some all-wheel drive vehicles, guaranteeing appropriate weight distribution and traction.
A multilink independent suspension system, such as the semi-trailing arm suspension, gives the car improved ride control and stability. The suspension system's design needs to be robust even in the worst of circumstances. Designing a suspension system with increased comfort, reduced weight, improved handling, increased shock absorption capability, increased vehicle stability, and reduced complexity is the major goal. By taking all of these factors into account, we are able to create suspension systems that are both more affordable and provide superior performance.
3. DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS
This report is based on the detailed design process that Team Torrid Racing follows in accordance with the BAJA SAE India rule book. The Baja sae India is an all-terrain vehicle event held at the national level, where teams of engineering colleges from all over India participate with customdesigned and manufactured ATVs. ATVs are designed and
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Impact Factor value: 8.226
3.1 Toe angle The toe angle should be as close to zero as possible to maintain stability with the road surface. A slight toe gain Toe gain is permissible unless vehicle’s stability is not compromised.
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