International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 11 Issue: 03 | Mar 2024
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
www.irjet.net
Evolution of Cloud Computing: Milestones, Innovations, and Adoption Trends Abhishek Sapkal1*, Leoson Heisnam2, Satya Sri Kusi3 Under graduate, Bachelor of computer application, Amravati University, Akola, Maharashtra1 Visiting Faculty, Department of Cyber Security and Digital Forensics, Institute of Forensic Sciences for Training & Skilling, National Forensic Science University, Manipur2 Assistant professor, Department of Forensic science, Mohan Babu University, Andhra Pradesh3 -------------------------------------------------------------------------***-----------------------------------------------------------------------Abstract Cloud computing is a method of delivering IT services through a network of interconnected servers, forming a unified system known as the "Cloud." This virtualized ecosystem integrates interconnected networks, servers, applications, storage, and services, enabling users to conveniently access them as needed with minimal administrative intervention. This review article focuses on virtualization and containerization as foundational pillars, the paper explores their revolutionary impact on resource management and deployment efficiency. It further delves into the impending trends and challenges set to shape the cloud computing landscape from 2025 to 2030. It reviews the anticipated adoption of hybrid and multi-cloud strategies, offering organizations tailored solutions while mitigating risks of vendor lock-in. The rise of edge computing is highlighted as a pivotal solution to address latency issues and foster a competitive IoT ecosystem. Additionally, integration of AI and machine learning within cloud frameworks is poised to unlock new realms of innovation and optimization, propelling digital transformation forward. The article underscores the imperative for enhanced security measures to safeguard sensitive data and ensure user privacy. Ongoing price competitions among cloud providers and increased regulatory scrutiny are also discussed, highlighting the dynamic landscape of cloud computing. It provides valuable insights into the past, present, and future trajectory of cloud computing. It concludes by affirming the pivotal role of cloud computing in driving digital innovation and empowering organizations to thrive in an increasingly interconnected world, offering recommendations for businesses to leverage emerging technologies and navigate evolving challenges effectively. Keywords: Cloud computing, Hybrid and multi-cloud strategies, IoT ecosystem, AI and machine learning integration, Security measures etc. 1. Introduction Cloud computing denotes the utilization of numerous server machines through a digital network, operating cohesively as an integrated system. The "Cloud" is a virtualized environment comprising networks, servers, applications, storage, and services, accessible to users on-demand with minimal management involvement. It offers resources and services without requiring users to have in-depth system knowledge, providing a wide range of applications and scalable services tailored to users and businesses [1]. Cloud computing is a computing technique that delivers IT services through interconnected low-cost computing units via IP networks. Emerging from search engine platform architecture, it possesses five pivotal technical traits: expansive resource capacity, exceptional scalability, shared resource pools encompassing both virtual and physical assets, dynamic resource allocation, and versatile applicability across various purposes [2]. Cloud computing gives services to users, allowing them to store and process data without needing hardware. It's a delivery model for computing services that facilitates the real-time development of various services. Examples include Google Accounts and Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2). Table-1: Types of cloud computing services [3], [4], [5]. Cloud Type
Description
1. Public Cloud
Provides open access to services over the internet, managed by dedicated service providers.
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
This generally offers network, storage, and software systems, replacing traditional data center functions.
Platform as a Service (PaaS)
This generally provides virtualized servers for application development and deployment, minimizing server maintenance.
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