International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 11 Issue: 03 | Mar 2024
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
www.irjet.net
Selection of Optimum Drilling Process Variables Using Grey Relational Analysis Approach V. Chengal Reddy1*, S. Sumalatha1, T. Nithin1, N. Anjineyulu1, K. Kiran Kumar1, D. Sai Krishna1 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Annamacharya Institute of Technology & Sciences, Tirupati, India
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Abstract - Productivity in particular process is depending
on the process parameters at which operation is running. Therefore, selection of optimum process conditions is crucial particularly in multi objective interest. Al 6082 material is a light weight material widely used in aerospace application. GRA is one of the promising multi-objective techniques with a simple scientific methodology to select the cutting conditions. Therefore, in the present work, an attempt was made to improve the drilling process performance during CNC drilling of Al 6082 material using Grey Relational Analysis (GRA) approach. In drilling process, spindle speed and feed rate, coolant type were selected as controllable process parameters and cutting temperature and surface roughness were considered as performance evaluation characteristics. Grey relational analysis (GRA) optimization technique was applied to select the optimum cutting parameters. The optimum drilling process parameters identified using GRA areas spindle speed 1500rpm, feed rate 0.1mm/rev and MQL condition combination respectively during drilling of Al 6082 material using tungsten carbide drill bit. Key Words: Drilling Process; Al 6082 material; Cutting Temperature; Surface Roughness (Ra); Material Removal Rate (MRR); Grey Relational Analysis (GRA).
1. INTRODUCTION Drilling is one of the most efficient and usual actions that are usually ascertained metal processing companies or in other manufacturing industries. It is an effective method for producing holes of ordained diameter and roundness of the hole on the surface. Computer Numerical Controlled (CNC) drilling machines are rapidly replacing the older production drilling machines due to their ease of setting, operation, repeatability and accuracy. The part may be designed and the tool paths can programmed by the CAD/CAM process or manually by the programmer and the resulting file is uploaded to the machine. Once set, the machine will continue to turn out parts under the occasional supervision of an operator. The design of the drilled holes serve for fasteners such as rivets, bolts and nuts. Akhil K.T et al. [1] illustrated optimization of drilling characteristics using grey relational analysis (GRA) in glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP).The cutting speed is the most significant process parameter which influences the © 2024, IRJET
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delamination factor and surface roughness. Cutting Speed has highest contribution on the multiple performance characteristic followed by feed rate as obtained from analysis. Hemant.S et al. [2] inspected the modeling of temperature distribution in drilling of titanium. The temperature distributions in the tool and the work piece are simultaneously predicted for variation in cutting speed and feed rate. In both the cases, increase in cutting speed and feed rate results in significant increase in temperature. Balaji et al. [3] examined optimization of cutting parameters in drilling of AISI 304 stainless steel using taguchi and ANOVA. This work deals with the effect of cutting parameters namely cutting speed, feed rate and helix angle on the tool life and observed that Vibration of drill bit is found to be increased along with the progression of the tool wear and also the result showed that Helix angle is found to be significant on surface roughness followed by acceleration of drill vibration velocity. Suman Chatterjee et al. [4] investigated Simulation and optimization of machining parameters in drilling of titanium alloys. The response surface methodology is adopted to take experimental readings. Various drilling parameters such as spindle speed, feed rate and drill bit diameter on performance characteristics such as thrust force, torque and circularity at entry and exit of the holes in drilling of titanium alloy using coated drill bit were analyzed. Thus, the Author concluded that the proposed simulation model can be used for machinability analysis of drilling of titanium alloys so as to save experimental time, cost and resources. Abdelhafeeza et al. [5] studied the burr formation and hole quality when drilling titanium and aluminium alloys. Chemical vapour deposited (CVD) diamond coated carbide drills were used for the aluminium work pieces while uncoated carbide tools were employed for the titanium material. An experimental design based on response surface methodology was implemented. The author concluded that cutting speed was found to be significant when drilling Ti6Al-4V. Gaurav Chaudhary et al. [6] demonstrated the Optimization of drilling parameters of hybrid metal matrix composites using response surface methodology by using ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal
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