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International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)

e-ISSN: 2395-0056

Volume: 11 Issue: 03 | Mar 2024

p-ISSN: 2395-0072

www.irjet.net

Blockchain Applications and Security for the Internet of Things 1

Daneshwari N. Kori

Department of Information Science and Engineering SDM College of Engineering and Technology Dharwad, Karnataka, India

Varsha Jadhav

Department of Information Science and Engineering SDM College of Engineering and Technology Dharwad, Karnataka, India

---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------Abstract - Blockchain is presently a contentious topic because of its decentralized structure and security features. On the flip side, when threats and attacks rise, internet usage follows suit. The Internet of Things (IoT) is a huge worldwide network of billions of internetconnected physical objects that intends to gather and distribute data on a vast scale. IoT equipment and devices are revolutionizing the IT sector, but security is their biggest drawback. IoT attacks have received a lot of attention. The current technologies are not sufficient to fully safeguard IoT devices. Blockchain IoT employs the security features of the Blockchain to improve the security and communication risks vulnerability of the IoT.

already existing blocks, the prior block hash connects the blocks together. The blockchain is made stronger overall as each new block increases the reliability of the one before it. This method makes the blockchain tamper-evident, supporting its core characteristic of immutability. In other words, while the blockchain does contain transaction data, it does not entirely replace databases, messaging systems, transaction processing, or business processes. Verified transaction proof is present on the blockchain. While a blockchain is fundamentally a database for keeping track of transactions, it offers many advantages over a conventional database. Public, Private, and Consortium blockchains are the three different types of blockchains [5]. Any number of users can share and independently verify transaction data on a public blockchain. It is a distributed, decentralized system. Similar to a public blockchain, a private blockchain is distinct in that only users with permission from the service provider (a company or organization) to join are permitted. A private blockchain is a centralized blockchain. This sort boosts security and transaction speed using centralized blockchain technology. A consortium blockchain is one in which membership is limited to those who satisfy specific requirements or have received advance approval (such as businesses or organizations). It is a decentralized blockchain that is composed of a great deal of joint entities from various companies or organizations. This kind of blockchain is similar to private blockchains in that only authorized users' nodes (computers) are permitted to use it. Two of the most revolutionary technologies—Blockchain and the IoT—are already reshaping the digital world of the future and will fundamentally change the way networks are now set up. The adoption of IoT has given the objects around us a life of their own, allowing them to communicate with one another and collect massive amounts of data by continuously capturing the physical environment. Following an analysis of this data, some wise decisions will be made in response to it. The fundamental basis of how we view the physical world has changed as a result, enabling us to achieve our aim of a smooth transition between the physical and digital worlds. The issue with contemporary IoT solutions is that they ask for a decentralized system, such as a distributed or peer-to-peer (P2P) system, although the original design concept called for a centralized party (such a cloud server), for connecting and interacting via the Internet. Because of this, the huge amounts of sensitive data that were

Keywords - Blockchain and IoT.

INTRODUCTION

The term "blockchain" refers to the method of keeping transactional data in units called "blocks" that are linked to one another to form a chain. The number of transactions added to the blockchain increases its size. Blocks are recordings that capture and verify the time and order of transactions inside a specific network that is managed by consensus among network participants. These records are subsequently stored on the blockchain.

Fig. 1. Blockchain storing transaction data in interconnected blocks

Each block includes a timestamp for the preceding block, a hash (a type of digital fingerprint or unique identification), and batches of recently valid transactions that have been timestamped [1]. By connecting the blocks and preventing any more or modified blocks from being added between two

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