International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 11 Issue: 03 | Mar 2024
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
www.irjet.net
Speed Control of DC motor for an Autonomous Wheelchair System using different Controller design strategies Sajad Ahmad Wani1, Ibraheem1, Shahida Khatoon1, Mohammad Shahid2 1Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi,
India
2Department of Electrical Engineering, Galgotia College of Engineering and Technology, Greater Noida, India
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Abstract-Smart wheelchair systems have gained
controller, Fuzzy logic controller (FLC), Model predictive controller (MPC), Particle swarm optimization (PSO) and Ant-Colony optimization (ACO) [4]. This research work aims to compare the performance and efficiency of the three controller design strategies for the speed regulation of the DC motor used in a smart wheelchair system. These strategies are Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) controller, Fuzzy logic controller (FLC) and PSO-Optimized PID controller. A systematic simulation procedure was followed to evaluate the working efficiency of each controller in terms of tracking accuracy, response time, and stability. The results of the study can provide valuable insights into the selection of an appropriate controller for the speed regulation of DC motor in a smart wheelchair system.
significant attention in recent times because of their potential in enhancing mobility and independence for people with disabilities. One of the critical components of a smart wheelchair system is the DC motor used for propulsion. The speed regulation of DC motor used in smart wheelchair system is a crucial aspect of the overall efficiency of the system. In this paper, we compare the performance of various controllers for the speed regulation of a DC motor used in a smart wheelchair system. The different controllers used in this study are Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) controller, Fuzzy logic controller (FLC), and Particle Swarm-optimized PID controller. A systematic simulation procedure was followed to compare the performance of each controller. The results of the study indicate that the Particle SwarmOptimized PID controller provides the best performance in terms of speed control, with better tracking accuracy and faster response time. The study provides a comprehensive comparison of different controller types for the speed regulation of DC motor in a smart wheelchair system, which can help researchers and practitioners to choose an appropriate controller for their specific applications.
1.1 Motivation of this Work Accurate and efficient control is critical in every system or process. This is only possible because of the compensation provided by different controllers. Because of the low cost and easy to control, DC motors are widely used in process industries, robots, wheelchairs and in other smart devices. Control systems practically used in day today lives suffer from a lot of disabilities and problems like undesirable overshoot, vibrations, and large-settling time and stability issues. Real world processes and systems are inaccurate, non-linear and in-efficient due to which a lot of controllers are used to compensate these irregularities [9]. Classical controllers like PID controllers generally are ineffective in some cases due to which more advanced strategies like Fuzzy logic, Artificial Neural Network (ANN) technique and other optimization techniques like particle-swarmoptimization (PSO), Genetic-algorithm (GA), Ant-ColonyOptimization (ACO), Simulated-annealing (SA) etc. are used. All these techniques are effective and interesting techniques used in a lot of control problems and processes.
Key Words: DC motor, Speed control, Smart wheelchair system, Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) controller, Fuzzy logic controller (FLC), Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO).
1.INTRODUCTION With time a lot of machines and devices have been designed and developed for the betterment of the human kind but the invention of the Smart wheelchair is a most important one. Smart, electrically powered wheelchairs have been identified as a most important tool for users suffering from mobility impairment and cognitive disabilities. So, the study of these types of wheelchairs has been recognized as an important task towards the betterment of the society [1]. The speed regulation of the DC motor is crucial for the overall performance of the smart wheelchair system, as it directly affects the user's safety, comfort, and efficiency of the system. Several control and optimization techniques have been presented in the literature for the speed regulation of the DC motor, such as the Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID)
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1.2 Contribution of this Article In this paper our main attention is on Proportionalintegral-derivative (PID) controller, Fuzzy logic controller (FLC) and PSO-optimized PID controller The focus of this research paper is to present a simple and efficient controller for the speed control of the DC motor used in a
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