International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 11 Issue: 02 | Feb 2024
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
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A Critical Review of Factors Affecting Usage of Active Modes in Urban Mobility Sairam Dasari1, Sanjay Gupta2 1Assistant Professor, Physical Planning Department, School of Planning and Architecture, New Delhi, India 2Professor, Transport Planning Department, School of Planning and Architecture, New Delhi, India
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Abstract - This study examines the multifaceted
to amenities in shaping active transport behaviour (Badoe & Miller, 2000; Cervero, 1996; Leslie, 2007).
determinants of walking and cycling mode choice, exploring the intricate interplay of demographic, trip-related, design, and perception attributes. Drawing from a synthesis of literature spanning from the late 1990s to the early 2010s, the research elucidates the evolving landscape of factors influencing active transport behavior. Key findings reveal a complex web of influences, including the impact of car ownership, age, gender, socioeconomic status, trip distance, urban design elements, and safety perceptions. Insights from various authors underscore the dynamic nature of active transport preferences, highlighting the need for comprehensive analyses to understand the factors shaping mode choice. The review underscores the necessity for comprehensive analyses to understand the multifaceted influences on walking and cycling behavior, emphasizing the importance of a holistic approach to urban mobility planning.
As cities worldwide strive to promote sustainable mobility options and reduce reliance on automobiles, a deeper understanding of the factors influencing the usage of active transport modes becomes imperative. This paper aims to provide a critical review of the key attributes identified in the literature that affect the usage of walking and cycling in urban mobility. By synthesizing insights from a diverse range of studies, we seek to offer valuable insights for policymakers, planners, and researchers engaged in fostering more walkable, bike-friendly cities
2. Factors effecting Active Transport Numerous studies have investigated the impact of various factors on walking and cycling mode choice, shedding light on the complexities of active transport preferences. (Ortuzar et al., 2005) and (Parkin, 2008) observed a negative correlation between increasing car ownership and bicycle mode choice, indicating a potential deterrent to non-motorized travel (Ortuzar, Iacobelli, & Valeze, 2005; Parkin, 2008). Conversely, (Wardman et al. , 2007) found age to have a negative effect on cycling in Britain, whereas (Plaut, 2005) identified a positive influence of age on walking and cycling in the United States (Wardman, Hatfield, & Page, 2007; Plaut, 2005). Additionally, (Noland and Kunreuther, 1995) reported a positive inclination for males to use walking and cycling modes, while (Agrawal and Schimek, 2007) noted a negative likelihood for males to walk.
Key Words: Active modes, urban mobility, mode choice, infrastructure, safety, socio-demographic, environmental conditions.
1.INTRODUCTION Active modes of transportation, such as walking and cycling, play a crucial role in promoting sustainable urban mobility, enhancing public health, and mitigating environmental impacts associated with motorized travel. Understanding the factors influencing the choice of active transport modes is essential for urban planners, policymakers, and researchers seeking to promote their uptake in urban environments. Over the years, numerous studies have explored the complex interplay of demographic, socio-economic, environmental, and behavioural factors shaping individuals' preferences for walking and cycling.
Further insights from (Buys and Miller 2011) suggested that perceived transport convenience varied based on journey destination and purpose, influencing travel mode choice. Correspondingly, (Ortuzar, 2000) found a positive association between school trips and bicycle usage. Landuse and population density were also highlighted as significant factors impacting non-motorized transport mode choice. (Badoe and Miller, 2000) discussed mixed findings regarding the effects of land-use and density, while (Cervero, 1996) and (Cervero and Kockelman, 1997) reported positive correlations between non-motorized transport use and mixed land-use, as well as high density. However, ( Rodriguez and Joo, 2004) noted inconsistent relationships between non-motorized mode choice and
Researchers such as (Ortuzar et al., 2005), (Parkin, 2008, and Wardman et al., 2007) have highlighted the importance of factors such as car ownership, age, and gender in influencing the propensity to use non-motorized modes of transport (Ortuzar, Iacobelli, & Valeze, 2005; Parkin, 2008; Wardman, Hatfield, & Page, 2007). Additionally, studies by (Badoe and Miller, 2000), (Cervero, 1996), and (Leslie, 2007) have underscored the significance of land use patterns, urban design, and access
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