International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 11 Issue: 02 | Feb 2024
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
www.irjet.net
IMPROVED HYBRID SPECTRUM SENSING METHOD FOR COGNITIVE RADIO NETWORKS 1F. O Adunola, 2O. A Sadiq, 3A. Danladi and 4K. B Labbo
Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nigerian Defence Academy, Kaduna ------------------------------------------------------------------------***----------------------------------------------------------------------ABSTRACT The Improved Hybrid Spectrum Sensing Method (IHSM) for cognitive radio networks, based on hybridization of Matched Filter Detection (MFD) and Cyclostationary Feature Detection (CFD) techniques used to improved detection performance and reduced computational complexity. This method operates in such a way that the matched filter receives the licensed user or primary user (PU) signal and senses a quarter number of the samples. When Matched Filter Detection (MFD) lacks sufficient knowledge of PU, it shifts to Cyclostationary Feature Detection (CFD) while lowering computational complexity in both. The performance for implementation and comparison was tested under Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN) and Weibull fading channels in both cooperative and the non-cooperative scenarios. The simulation was obtained on Windows 8.1 using Matlab 2023. The detection probability and the ratio of computational complexity were used to evaluate the performance outcomes of the IHSM. From the results, the IHSM scheme's computational complexity ratio reduced by 18% and 22% compared to the CFD method and the MFD method, respectively, when the number of samples, N is 50. Additionally, the probability of detection in the IHSM increased by 68% and 48%, respectively, as compared to the CFD method and the MFD methods, at signal to noise ratio per bit (Eb/No) equal to 0 dB under the Weibull fading channel. The proposed method performed better in both cases but fading, noise and other impairment cannot be completely eradicated at the transmitting and reporting channels. KEYWORDS: IHSM, CFD, MFD, detection performance, computational complexity, signal to noise ratio per bit, AWGN, Weibull fading channel.
1.0
INTRODUCTION
Nowadays, the use of spectrum has increased as a result of the rising number of users who now consider telecommunication technologies to be essential to life. Inadequate use of the useable spectrum was discovered through numerous studies and investigations [1]. Rapid development in communication technology has greatly increased the usefulness of many handheld and portable devices. These tools offer subscribers cutting-edge services. The majority of these gadgets operate on a specific radio frequency, making it extremely limited in supply [2]. Due to the advent of new applications and the constant demand for faster data speeds, radio frequency (RF) spectrum is getting more and more crowded as a result of the enormous quantity and diversity of wireless devices and applications [3]. The spectrum scarce challenge is becoming more prevalent in various places of the globe. Low spectrum utilisation efficiency in licenced bands and subpar performance of wireless devices in the highly congested unlicensed bands are the results of the rigid, inflexible, and centralised spectrum assignment and management policies that were established by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) in the United States and the Office of Communications (Ofcom) in the United Kingdom [4]. For the benefit of the authorised users, an environment free from interference is ensured by the fixed frequency allocation. The apex body for management of frequency that allocate bulk frequency and satellite co-ordination issues in Nigeria is the National Frequency Management Council (NFMC) [5]. Pursuant to these functions, the NFMC share responsibility for the administration of radio frequency spectrum for commercial users (i.e. Private Telecom Operators, PTOs) to Nigerian Communication Commission, NCC. While Ministry of Communication and Digital Economy (MCDE) handled the assignment non-commercial radio frequency users includes Government MDAs, Military, Diplomatic Mission, NGOs, Security Operatives, Industries/Companies, Maritime and Aviation sectors. Nigerian Broadcasting Commission, NBC regulate Televisions and Radio broadcasting stations [5, 6]. The majority of wireless networks employ the static spectrum allocation technique, in which the Ministry and Agencies of Government control and long-term assign the spectrum to authorised users for broad geographic areas [6, 7]. This strategy experienced spectrum scarcity in several bands as a result of the users' apparent increase in spectrum demand. As a result, the development of Cognitive Radio systems that intelligently assign spectrum has recently attracted the attention of researchers. The deployment of cognitive radio is based on the notion of dynamic access by unlicensed users.
© 2024, IRJET
|
Impact Factor value: 8.226
|
ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal
|
Page 692