International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 11 Issue: 02 | Feb 2024
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
www.irjet.net
Battery Thermal Management System using Nanofluids for EVs Piyush Nemade1, Mayur Jadhav2 1Student IV Semester B.E (Mechanical Engineering)
D.Y.Patil College of Engineering, Akurdi, Pune (Email:piyushnemade328@gmail.com) 2Student IV Semester B.E(Mechanical Engineering) D.Y.Patil College of Engineering,Akurdi,Pune(Email:jmayur309@gmail.com) ---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------2.Battery Thermal Management System Abstract – The Battery Thermal Management System (BTMS) Plays a crucial role in effectively handling the heat generation during the charging and discharging process of battery , ensuring its safe and efficient operation. Due to higher power density BTMSs are suitable for cooling battery packages. As temperature sensitivity is a critical issue in lithium-ion batteries for EVs. The CAD model of the battery pack is generated using Design Modular geometry in Ansys. Hence, different sorts of cooling strategies is utilized in battery pack thermal management with a focus of nanofluid added. The utilization of nanofluid combined with Phase Change Materials(PCM) and Heat Pipes(HPs) are also introduced. In this project our focus is on active battery thermal management system that utilize liquid cooling technology. Hence, hybrid cooling systems based on nanofluids for BTMSs decrease temperature rise and consequently improves the temperature uniformly.
A battery thermal management system keeps batteries operating safely and efficiently by regulating their temperature conditions. High battery temperatures can accelerate battery aging and pose safety risks, whereas low temperatures can lead to decreased battery capacity and weaker charging/discharging performance. A battery thermal management system controls the operating temperature of the battery by either dissipating heat when it is too hot or providing heat when it is too cold. Battery Thermal Management System (BTMS) is essential for the following reasons: The thermal management system regulates the excessive heat in battery packs improving vehicles performance and efficiency. The primary role of BTMS is to keep battery temperature within the safe limits in order to avoid the thermal runway. The cooling function minimizes excessive heat in the battery pack keeping the temperature within the permitted range and limiting the adverse effect on surrounding cells.
Key Words: Battery Thermal Management System, Computational Fluid Dynamics(CFD),thermal performance of nanofluid(Water+7% Al2O3)
1.INTRODUCTION
A Battery Electric Vehicle (BEV) is a type of Electric Vehicles (EV) that exclusively uses chemical energy stored in rechargeable battery packs, with no secondary source of propulsion. Battery electric vehicles thus have no internal combustion engine, fuel cell, or fuel tank. Some of the broad categories of vehicles that come under this category are trucks, cars, buses, motorcycles. Lithium-ion batteries have higher energy density (100-265wh/kg) compared to other battery chemistries. They pose a risk of fire under unusual circumstances. It is crucial to operate electric vehicles in pre-defined safety limits to ensure the safety of the user as well as the vehicle. A Battery Management System (BMS), which manages the electronics of a rechargeable battery, whether a cell or a battery pack, thus becomes a crucial factor in ensuring electric vehicle safety. It safeguards both the user and the battery by ensuring that the cell operates within its safe operating parameters. In this battery pack consists of number of battery modules arranged together to produced the desired voltage, capacity or power density , they can be set up in series, parallel or both. Battery module consists of a combination of components of a battery system that includes battery cell, battery management electronics for battery cell connectors.
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BTMS
Active
Passive
Hybrid
Air
PCM
PCM+Air
Liquid
Heat Pipe
PCM+Liquid
Pure
PCM+Heat Pipe
Composite Table 1: Cooling Technologies
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