International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 11 Issue: 01 | Jan 2024
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
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PM10 CONCENTRATION CHANGES AS A RESULT OF WIDESPRING PRECIPITATION IN AGRA Kalpana Singh*, Dr. Randhir Singh Indolia, Department of Physics, Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Agra (U.P), India ---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------Abstract - - From 2021 to 2022, research was conducted at the Sanjay Place site to examine the impact of widespread precipitation on the decrease in PM₁ₒ concentration. There was a discernible variation in the concentrations of PM₁ₒ particles before and after. There was a noticeable change in the average PM₁ₒ concentration and less PM₁ₒ in the air during periods of precipitation compared to those without. The average PM₁₀ concentration was 101.1µg/m³ and 184.8µg/m³ with and without precipitation. Over the July–September period, the intensity of moderate to light rain was found to have the biggest effect on the decrease in PM₁ₒ concentration. The results showed that the accumulation of aerosol concentration was prevented by continuous low intensity rain episodes and that the amount and duration of precipitation have an effect on how
Key Words: PM₁ₒ, Atmospheric purification, Precipitation, Meteorological condition 1.INTRODUCTION At the expense of other elements of the natural environment, below-cloud scavenging serves as a key process that enables the removal of pollutants from the ground level zone and plays a crucial part in the maintenance of excellent air quality [1]. As a result, it is a crucial step in maintaining the equilibrium between the entrance and outflow of aerosol particles [2]. All mechanisms that cause rain, snow, fog, and ice to wash off particle matter are considered to be a part of wet below-cloud scavenging. According to [3], below-cloud scavenging appears to be more significant than in-cloud scavenging from the perspective of human well-being and the quality of the ground-level zone. This claim is supported by the observation that the particulate matter that poses an immediate threat to human health is primarily released as a result of below-cloud scavenging, with the major mechanism involved being the collision of solid particles with raindrops [4]. The wet aerosol washout process is inherently complicated because it is influenced by a variety of external phenomena, such as drop size, particle size distribution, water chemical composition, rainfall intensity, ambient temperature, as well as the chemical and physical characteristics of drops and aerosol [5]. The bulk particle number, bulk particle mass, or size-resolved particle number and mass concentration can all be used to establish the aerosol scavenging coefficient [6]. Experimental research into below-cloud purification carried out under real-world circumstances focuses on several aspects of this process. The processes are studied both on a complex scale, which includes details of the effectiveness of solid particle removal by specific types of precipitation, and on a specific scale, which can include the effectiveness of scavenging of different types of particulate particles by specific types of precipitation [7]. Transport from outside the area is the primary source of air pollution in addition to local accumulation. Clearly, there is a great deal of uncertainty around the method by which contaminants are removed by precipitation [8,9]. This paper's main goal is to analyze the variability of wet deposition, which is the process of removing coarse particles, in relation to the length, intensity, and location of precipitation [10].
2.EXPERIMENTAL 2.1. Study Area. At the Sanjay Place site in Agra city, PM₁₀ aerosol samples and rainwater samples were taken simultaneously. India's Agra is a major city. With the Thar Desert of Rajasthan enclosing two-thirds of its outer limits (SE, W, and NW), it is located in the north central area of India (27.18 N 78.02 E). Agra has 1.6 million people, according to the Census (2011). The summer months in Agra are hot and dry, with daily average temperatures ranging from 21.9 to 48 degrees Celsius, and from 4.2 to 31.7 degrees Celsius in the winter. Agra receives about 736.6 mm of rainfall each year. 2.2. Description of sampling site The study was conducted in Sanjay place site of Agra city from October 2021 to September 2022. Map of sampling site and surroundings are shown in Fig.1. The main causes of air pollution were nearby commercial activity, industrial emissions, and emissions from vehicles. These sources have a significant impact on the site, depending on seasonal variations in wind and direction. Sanjay place is one of the most polluted areas in Agra city.
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