International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 11 Issue: 1 | Jan 2024
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
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A Review Paper on Travel Time Reliability in Public Transportation Sonali Bharti1, Tarun Narnaure 2 1 M. Tech Student, Department of Civil Engineering and Applied Mechanics,
Shri G.S. Institute of Technology and Science, Indore (M.P.), Pincode-452003 2 Assistant Professor2, Department of Civil Engineering and Applied Mechanics,
Shri G.S. Institute of Technology and Science, Indore (M.P.), Pincode-452003 ---------------------------------------------------------------------***---------------------------------------------------------------------
Abstract - The challenges and dynamics associated with
public transportation services is crucial for identifying population disparities and developing policies to improve passenger service quality [20]. Public transportation in India has considerable hurdles as a result of the country's diversified metropolitan traffic patterns and rising automobile demand. City buses are crucial in public transport, serving as the backbones of connectivity in some cities. India ranks 8th in total vehicle usage across 192 countries, with 44.9 million vehicles, followed by the USA and China. The nation currently holds the third position globally in terms of the fleet strength of buses and motor coaches, trailing behind Indonesia and China. The sustained growth of the economy has led to an expansion of the transportation sector; however, there has been a notable decrease in its percentage share in India's Gross Domestic Product (GDP), declining from 49.9% in the fiscal year 2015-16 to 4.59% in the fiscal year 2019-20. Specifically, the road transport segment singularly contributes 3.06% to the Gross Value Added (GVA), while the entire transport sector collectively contributes 4.59% at the national level during the fiscal year 2019-20. As of March 31, 2020, vehicles newly registered in India were categorized, revealing that 8.4% fell within specific categories. [19]. Reliability in public transportation is a crucial factor in both public and private sectors, connecting different neighborhood’s, rural areas, or key locations. City buses' utility and desirability are influenced by their regular arrival times, but passengers often worry about their dependability due to unexpected travel times, weather conditions, traffic congestion, and driver and passenger behavior. Weather conditions, such as rain or snow, can also affect travel times, while city buses operating on urban roads contribute to traffic difficulties due to their size and the responsibility of traveler [15].
public transportation reliability in India, considering the complexities of diversified metropolitan traffic patterns and the increasing demand for automobiles. The study focuses on the urbanization trends in major Indian cities, emphasizing the crucial role of public transit in connecting both urban and rural areas. Travel time variability is identified as a significant factor affecting public transportation reliability, influenced by dynamic elements such as weather conditions, traffic fluctuations, and delays. Passengers' experiences and perceptions, including waiting and transfer times, are recognized as key contributors to transit network connectivity and system performance. The term travel time reliability is defined as a measure of the expected range in travel time, providing a quantitative indicator of predictability. Various methods, including the 90th percentile time, planning time index, buffer index, buffer time, total travel time, and statistical calculations such as delay and journey time, are discussed as crucial metrics for assessing reliability in heterogeneous traffic. The analysis of travel time data collected from diverse cities; a suggested methodology is proposed for improving travel time reliability in public transportation. The importance of Intelligent Transportation System data, such as GPS data and ticketing data, is highlighted, emphasizing the necessity of incorporating user feedback for Travel Time Reliability (TTR) improvement. Factors influencing public transportation reliability were explored, with recommendations made for improving efficiency, reducing delays, and enhancing overall reliability. Models for predicting travel times in bus networks were developed, often based on regression analysis and machine learning techniques, to provide accurate predictions and insights for optimizing bus movements, resource allocation, and service planning. The research papers collectively contribute to advancing the understanding of travel time reliability in public transportation.
1.1. Travel Time Reliability The reliability of the public transportation system is often defined as one minus the probability of failure. [2][3]. USDOT’s definition of reliability, which defines it as “The transportation system's certainty and predictability in travel times is a crucial aspect to consider” [1], According to the agency, reliability is linked to the consistency of bus service performance. [21]. Travel time reliability refers to the consistency and dependability of the duration required for a journey or the time taken to traverse a specific road section, experienced across various times of the day and days of the
Key Words: Travel time reliability, Variability, Route level attributes, heterogenous traffic, Public transit
1.INTRODUCTION India's urban population is growing at a pace of 3% annually, with an emphasis mostly on key political centers. [18]. Transportation is essential for efficient and socially equitable transit, and assessing citizens' accessibility to
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