International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 11 Issue: 11 | Nov 2024
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
www.irjet.net
A Novel Approach to Crack Repair: Self-Healing Concrete Using Bacteria Utkarsh Mathur1, Amar Deep Maurya2 1UG Student, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Rajkiya Engineering College Mainpuri, Uttar Pradesh 2UG Student, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Rajkiya Engineering College Mainpuri, Uttar Pradesh
---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------sustainable construction future while driving Abstract - It is a new material self-healing concrete infrastructure durability.
specially created to autonomously mend cracks and damage in the present (and future) which could extend the service life of reinforced, lasting longer in-service or requiring less maintenance. This review highlights the extensive investigation being conducted on self-healing concrete while emphasizing various mechanisms and presenting different types of material along with coverage strategies such as Encapsulation, Bacterial Subtilis & Pseudo Bacillus. Highlighted in this paper that bacteria, encapsulated healing agents and shape memory materials are the main routes for researchers in the field of self-healing. Also, the effectiveness of these methods under different environmental conditions and their effects on mechanical properties like Durability, Compressive Strength & Tensile strength etc. are studied. The review also highlights the bottlenecks in upscaling Bio-concrete technology to field applications and suggests directions for future research. The paper will present an overview of the field and summarize recent advances that can pave the way for self-healing concrete to revolutionize sustainable construction practices.
1.2 Bacterial Mechanisms in Self-healing Concrete In concrete, the unique capacity of bacteria as agents to self-heal is largely determined by its unsaturated pores circuitry. The metabolic activity of some bacterial species, like Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa allows them to produce calcium carbonate. In another process known as biomineralization, the bacteria produce calcium carbonate (limestone) within and beneath concrete structures which restores their structural integrity. 1.3 Types of Bacteria 1.
High calcium carbonate production efficiency : S. pasteurii is very Efficient in producing calcium carbonate which is one of the key elements to fill cracks and restore the structural integrity of concrete.
Key Words: Self-healing Concrete, Encapsulation, Bacillus Subtilis, Pseudo Bacillus, Bacillus Sphaericus, Bio-concrete, Durability, Sustainability.
Durability: It is a robust bacterium that endures in the alkaline and nutrient-poor conditions of concrete.
1. INTRODUCTION Self-healing concrete is a game changer in the construction industry ᅳ it heals its cracks and damage all by itself! The new technology is expected to considerably prolong the life span of concrete structures while reducing their maintenance expenditures. One of the most promising self-healing solutions for years has been adding bacteria to concrete mixtures.
Environmental Friendliness : S. Bacillus licheniformis strain pasteurii is a non-pathogenic bacterium so it can be safely used in construction applications. Mechanism of S. pasteurii in self-healing concrete: Encapsulation: To protect the bacteria from being crushed during concrete mixing, they are encapsulated in microcapsules or other carriers.
1.1 Significance of Self-healing Concrete Cracking in concrete structures leads to a common problem of deterioration and the condition is most commonly experienced during construction. Self-healing concrete proposes a solution to this issue, uniting autonomous repair mechanisms into the building material which can reactivate and restore functionality in case of damage without external intervention. This technology can change the way we design and construct for a
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Sporosarcina pasteurii : Spore-forming bacteria such as Sporosarcina pasteurii are widely used in selfhealing concrete. With several advantages over other bacteria used in this application.
Impact Factor value: 8.315
Crack formation: When a crack appears in the concrete, the capsule’s burst open and release the bacteria. The calcium carbonate is produced by the bacteria metabolizing nutrients drawn from the concrete-a process known as microbiologically induced calcium carbonate precipitation (MICP). 2.
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Bacillus sphaericus: Bacillus sphaericus is a very effective little type of bacteria and has been used for a
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