International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 11 Issue: 01 | Jan 2024
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
www.irjet.net
Effect of Camber and Angles of Attack on Airfoil Characteristics Rajat Rajnish1, N.S. Thakur2, Priyanshu Kumar Pant3 1 2 3National Institute of Technology Hamirpur
1 PG Scholar, Center for Energy Studies, N.I.T Hamirpur, Himachal Pradesh, India 2Professor, Center for Energy Studies, N.I.T Hamirpur, Himachal Pradesh, India
3PG Scholar, Dept. of Mathematics and Scientific Computing, N.I.T Hamirpur, Himachal Pradesh, India
---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------VAWT[7]. Study on surface modification on aerodynamic Abstract -Research is underway to enhance the aerodynamic efficiency of air vehicles, wind turbines, and automobiles through diverse approaches. This study employs a comprehensive analysis of three criteria that define the shape, including the camber, position of the camber, and angle of attack of the airfoil. The objective is to unveil the overall design space. This study throws light on the relation and impact of airfoil parameters on airfoil characteristics. This research shows the fully coupled impact of camber, position of camber, and angle of attack on lift coefficient and drag coefficient. These results show the efficiency and performance of airfoils with varying chosen parameters and show the optimized airfoils in the region of study.
Keywords: Airfoil,
Computational fluid dynamics, Efficiency, Cl/Cd ratio, Aerodynamics performance
1.INTRODUCTION Airfoil shape plays the most important role in the overall performance of aerodynamic bodies; a lot of great studies have been done to create specific airfoil shapes for the desired design condition. Different shapes of the airfoil are used according to the needs of industries for their applications like in helicopters, micro aerial vehicles[1], compressors, wind turbines, and many more areas. Airfoils have very essential characteristics that are lift, drag, and airfoil efficiency. These features specify how well an airfoil performs in the specific application for which it is used. Analyzing the characteristics of the airfoil and their relationship with each other will direct us to use the optimized airfoil for specific applications. Airfoils have been researched for various purposes for a long time for various industries like aircraft, renewable industry for wind energy production, compressors, and much more. Mostly airfoils are the key element used by these industries for their applications, which means a goodperforming airfoil is needed. A lot of research has been done on airfoil parameters like shape, structure, etc. The work done on the optimization of airfoil shape for wind turbine application[2]. Work by M. Rasoul Triandaz[3] about the effect of airfoil shapes on power performance if VWAT is much appreciable, 126 airfoils were analyzed. A lot of research has been there on methods for the advancement of airfoil shape sat trailing edge [4], [5], [6]Solidity effect on the performance of variable-pitch © 2024, IRJET
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characteristics of airfoil DU 06 W 200 [8]. About 20 airfoils were examined for the performance of an H-rotor Darrieus turbine by MH Mohammad[9]. Research Development and Testing of an Unconventional Morphing Wing Concept with Variable Chord and Camber[10], [11], [12], airfoil thickness effect on dynamic stall characteristics of High‐ Solidity Vertical Axis Wind Turbines. Researchers have innovated camber morphing mechanisms employing smart materials[13], [14]. These mechanisms enable the adaptive adjustment of airfoil curvature, enhancing aerodynamic efficiency and performance in various applications, including aerospace and wind energy. Mostly the area of attention is on the performance of airfoils in various applications, optimization methods for obtaining good-performing airfoils, and morphing techniques for airfoils. No doubt a large number of airfoils is being analyzed but mostly symmetrical and just by varying thickness and taking other effective parameters as constant. There is very little attention given to the dependency of parameters on each other and their relationship with the characteristics of airfoils. The research gap comes out of the studied literature on the analysis of asymmetric airfoils with varying camber, varying position of camber, and varying angle of attack (AoA) by establishing co-relation between them which will show the performance of airfoil and dependency of parameters on each other. This study aims to shed light on how structural characteristics affect the aerodynamic performance of asymmetrical airfoils. 16 NACA four digits modified asymmetric airfoils are analyzed by varying camber angles and their position concerning chord length(C), range shown in Table 1. The characteristics, lift and drag coefficient along with the Cl/Cd ratio are analyzed and co-relations are shown between these characteristics. This analysis is performed at Reynolds No. (Re) 6.84*105 and velocity V=10 m/s. The fluid used in CFD simulation is air having a density of 1.225 kg/m3. Varying the camber and its position provide major aerodynamic advantages by allowing for unique and large shape modifications to accommodate varied flight situations, in turbines for efficient power generation, and many other applications where airfoils are used for specific purposes to enhance the performances. These analyses show changes in airfoil efficiency and relations of airfoil characteristics with each other. Notably, the drag and lift coefficient parameters (Cd) and (Cl)are critical,
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