International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 11 Issue: 01 | Jan 2024
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
www.irjet.net
A Review on the Progress and Challenges of Aluminum-Based Metal Matrix Composites: Fabrication and Applications Sunil Prakash Rodrigues1, Dr. Shrinivasa Mayya D2 1Research Scholar, Srinivias University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Mangaluru, Karnataka, India 2Research Guide, Srinivias University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Mangaluru, Karnataka, India
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Abstract - Composite materials, distinguished by a matrix
and reinforcing elements, play a crucial role in augmenting characteristics such as durability, rigidity, and resilience against wear. This paper explores the production of Aluminum-Based Metal Matrix Composites (MMCs), focusing on their fabrication processes, applications, and associated challenges. Numerous Aluminum MMCs have been developed, incorporating diverse reinforcements like borides, carbides, oxides, and nitrides. These reinforcements have led to stable structures within the composites, resulting in outstanding mechanical and wear properties. With a surge in materials science interest, Aluminum-based composites have gained prominence for their lightweight, high strength, and corrosion resistance. This paper reviews recent advancements in Aluminum MMCs, delving into the exploration of innovative materials, fabrication techniques, and their applications in aerospace and automotive industries. Key Words: Composites, Aluminium, Reinforcement, Hybrid, Nano, Stir Casting, Powder Metallurgy
1. INTRODUCTION Composite materials are classified based on the type of matrix and reinforcement employed. In composites, a primary material serves as the matrix, while reinforcements are incorporated to improve characteristics like strength, stiffness, electrical conductivity, wear resistance and corrosion resistance. The reinforcements augment the matrix, bolstering its strength. The occurrence of wear is associated with relative movement between components and can impact the performance of various components. A Metal Matrix Composite (MMC) is a category of composite material wherein a metal acts as the matrix, fortified with another material to improve distinct properties. The reinforcement phase is typically in the form of particles, fibers, or whiskers embedded within the metal matrix. Metal matrix composites are designed to combine the advantageous properties of metals with the enhanced characteristics provided by the reinforcement. Numerous Aluminum Metal Matrix Composites (MMCs) have been manufactured using diverse fabrication processes, taking into account different types of reinforcement particles such as borides, carbides, oxides, nitrides, and their combinations. The incorporation of these reinforcement particles has led to the formation of stable structures within © 2024, IRJET
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the composites, resulting in Aluminum MMCs that exhibit outstanding mechanical and wear properties. In recent decades, the field of materials science has witnessed a surge in interest and research efforts directed towards the development of advanced materials with enhanced properties and functionalities. Among these materials, Aluminum-based composites have emerged as promising candidates for a wide range of applications, owing to their exceptional combination of lightweight, high strength, and corrosion resistance. The demand for high-performance materials in industries such as aerospace, automotive, and construction has driven the exploration of novel approaches for enhancing the mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties of Aluminum and its alloys. Through the incorporation of reinforcing phases, such as ceramics, polymers, and carbon-based materials, Aluminum-based composites offer tailored solutions to meet specific engineering requirements. Over the past decade, there has been a substantial increase in research focused on Aluminum MMCs. These composite materials are increasingly replacing traditional metallic alloys, particularly in aerospace components like wings and fuselage, as well as automobile parts such as brake discs, drums, and pistons, offering enhanced performance at a comparatively lower production cost. This paper outlines the production methods of aluminium based composite materials along with their applications and the issues and challenges associated with them.
2. LITERATURE REVIEW [1] Abideen Temitayo Oyewo et al., The current need for advanced engineering materials can be addressed through hybrid aluminum matrix composites (ABHCs), which find applications across various fields. Examination of the microstructure of hybrid composites with varying reinforcement percentages reveals a stable and uniformly distributed structure, particularly at lower percentages. Notably, the commonly employed fabrication methods for aluminum hybrid composites continue to be powder metallurgy and stir casting, with more intricate and precise methods being infrequently utilized. Furthermore, the study suggests that the introduction of solid reinforcing particles can enhance the strength of hybrid composites. Additionally, the mechanical properties of these alloys undergo significant improvement with the incorporation of ceramic particles ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal
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