International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 11 Issue: 11 | Nov 2024
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
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INVESTIGATIVE STUDIES ON TREATMENT OF DAIRY WASTEWATER BY USING NATURAL COAGULANTS. SAHANA P1 AND RASHMA SHETTY2 1PG Student, Environmental Engineering, University BDT college of Engineering, Davangere, Visvesvaraya
Technology University Belgavi, Karnataka, India
2Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, University BDT college of Engineering, Davangere,
Visvesvaraya Technology University Belgavi, Karnataka, India ---------------------------------------------------------------------***---------------------------------------------------------------------
Abstract - The dairy industry is generally considered to be
detergents, as well as sterilizing chemicals, may be present in dairy cleaning fluids. Thus, depending on the cleaning technique used, the wastewater's pH can vary greatly. Global dairy market volume: USD 489.74 billion. Milk production worldwide each year is 600 million metric tons. Asia makes only 22% of the world's milk production, but it accounts for 60% of the world's population. Total global output exceeds 530 million tons for a population of approximately 400 billion tons, with an average yearly per capita accessibility of 100 kg. India is the world's leading country in milk manufacturing, contributing 23 percent of all milk manufacturing globally. Milk manufacturing in the United States has developed at a composite annual growth rate of approximately 6.2 percent, reaching 209 million tons in 2020–21 from 146.31 million tons in 2014–15. Three percent of the five million liters of milk produced were wasted due to an unreliable power supply. Karnataka produces an estimated 1.6crore liters of milk per day, of which 1.2crore liters are sold as a marketable commodity. Approximately 80 million liters, or nearly 70% of the milk produced, are procured by KMF[2]. Prior to the implementation of the incentive plan, KMF acquired over half of the milk products in the state, including ice cream, butter, peda, ghee, and other items. With the lockdown in place, other than honey and butter, the remaining goods in the bouquet are not sold, which leads to the stockpiling of raw milk. Currently, there are 13484 dairy cooperatives operating within the boundaries of 14 district milk federations, with 23.78 lakh farmers enrolled as members, of which 8.37 lakh farmers are active members. The first dairy cooperative that became the Kodagu district's KMF was established in Kudige in 1955[2]. The Karnataka dairy development cooperative, or KDDC, was established in 1974 with the goal of implementing a project overseen by the World Bank for dairy development. Dairy waste water can have many negative effects on the environment, including: Water pollution, Breeding ground for disease-carrying insects, Toxic to fish and algae, Nutrient runoff, Pathogens, Antibiotics and hormones, Sewage pipe clogging Gaseous emissions, Dust and odors [1]. Dairy waste water can be treated using a variety of methods, including: chemical coagulation, biological treatment, electrochemical treatment, natural coagulation [1]. The aloevera plants require very little water for growth because 98% of it is
largest source of food processing. These industries wastewater is characterized by high COD, Turbidity, nutrients etc. In the present study, dairy waste water was treated by Aloevera gel and Neem gel. The initial pH, TDS, EC, Turbidity, COD were 8.7, 527ppm, 810ms/cm, 52.5NTU, 728.5mg/l respectively. The maximum removal efficiency of TDS, EC, turbidity, and COD by Aloevera gel is 55.80% (at pH 8, at optimum dose 50 mg/l, 100RPM, contact time 60 min), 96.83% (at pH 6, optimum dose 40mg/l, 100RPM, 30 min), and 95.74% (at pH 6, at optimum dose 60mg/l, 100RPM, 30 min) respectively. The maximum removal efficiency of TDS, EC, turbidity, and COD by Neem gel is 55.64% (at pH 8, at optimum dose 30 mg/l, 100 RPM, contact time 60 min), 90.78% (at pH 6, at optimum dose 40mg/l, 80 RPM, 60 min), and 96.43% (at pH 8, at optimum dose 40mg/l, 100 RPM, 60 min) respectively. Compared to Neem, Aloevera exhibits greater removal efficiency in TDS, turbidity, EC, and COD from dairy waste water under ideal circumstances. Key Words: Natural coagulants, Turbidity, COD, EC, TDS, Dairy waste water treatment, Aloevera, Neem.
1.INTRODUCTION The dairy business is among the most polluting in the food industry. A significant amount of effluent waste is produced daily by the dairy industry. These businesses release wastewater, which contains large amounts of nutrients, organic and inorganic substances, chemical and biological oxygen demands, and other characteristics [1]. A number of pretreatments are necessary in order to offset the effects. Different coagulation techniques, such as chemical and natural coagulation, as well as biological treatment processes, such as aerobic and anaerobic treatment, are used to treat dairy effluent. The cleaning and washing processes in the milk processing facilities are the main source of wastewater in the dairy sector. Approximately 2% of all milk is thought to be poured down sewers. High levels of COD, BOD and lactose, together with other nutrients and sanitizing agents, are characteristics of dairy effluent. The organic materials in the water are either present in milk in their original form or have been processed into a form that has deteriorated [2]. A range of acidic and alkaline
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