International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 11 Issue: 01 | Jan 2024
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
www.irjet.net
Enhancing Concrete Setting Time with Sustainable Innovation Utilizing Apple Juice as a Retarder Agent Suehail Aijaz Shah1, Dr. M. A. Tantray2, Dr. Shafquat Ara3, Mominah Ajaz4 1Research Fellow, Department of Civil Engineering, National Institute of Technology Srinagar 2Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, National Institute of Technology Srinagar 3Principal, Government Polytechnic College Budgam
4Demonstrator, Department of Civil Engineering, Government Polytechnic College Budgam
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Abstract – Admixtures are group of chemicals or minerals
and placement. Workability can be loosed due to various factors viz insufficient mixing time, excessive water content, incorrect cement content, improper aggregate grading, temperature effect at the time of concreting operation and other ambient conditions. During the transportation of Ready Mix Concrete, to longer distances workability retention also arises a challenge. Admixture categorized under Retarders, serve the purpose of maintaining workability by delaying the hydration process. Elevated temperatures also accelerate the setting time of concrete, leading to alteration in desired workability condition along with the increase in water demand and a higher risk of thermal cracking. To mitigate such type of issue in the construction industry, use of retarders is recommended y the concrete practitioners. Retarders are chemical admixture that slow down the hydration rate of cement within the concrete, such that the concrete remains in plastic and workable for a prolonged duration, providing necessary time for placement and finishing. By the inclusion of retarders in such conditions better control over the concrete mix is obtained along with the reduction of the associated impact over the workability. Various types of retarders both organic and inorganic are available for the utilization, with different mechanisms for retarding the hydration rate. The chemical mechanisms underlying the retarding effects are explored in depth in studies by Smith et al. [1] and Brown and Jones [2], offering insights into their particular impacts on cement hydration. Scholars have investigated several forms of retarders, such as gluconates, organic acids, and lignosulfonates, assessing their influence on the mechanical and rheological characteristics of concrete mixtures. Garcia and Lee [3] point out that retarders have a major impact on how long it takes for concrete to set. Better workability is made possible by this extension, which is also essential in situations when lengthy placement or transit times are needed. Johnson and Wang's [4] research delves deeply into the impact retarders have on early-age strength. Understanding how retarders influence strength development is crucial for improving concrete mix designs and guaranteeing the intended performance. Retarders are widely employed in hot weather concreting as a countermeasure against the temperature-induced acceleration of setting. According to Young [5], setretardation may primarily result from a delay in the
that are added to modern concrete, in order to modify the traditional mix in accordance to the requirements and site demand. Various researches and investigations are being executed to add different chemicals and materials to this group. Construction activities are carried through a laid down procedures and parameters including temperature, humidity and placing environment. Concreting in hot weather condition, is limited to the maximum concrete temperature to 35 ºC. Concreting above this range results in early hydration of cement and thus produces concrete with early gain of strength and latterly reduction with the age gain. The increased surrounding temperature results in rapid evaporation of water causing water reduction within the concrete matrix thus cause associated plastic shrinkage, un-hydrated cement within the matrix and subsequent cooling causing tensile stresses and cracking. Chemical admixture categorized as Retarders, come a solution to this problem. The addition of chemicals from this group delays the initial setting time allowing the time for mixing, transporting and placing. This study seeks to investigate the impact of sugar on the properties of cement. The sucrose crystals were used as the source of sugar in this experimental investigation. Various sugar concentration, by weight of cement were added to the cement paste, and the impact over the setting time was monitored. Additionally the compressive strength of the cement with modified altered water-sugar concentration were investigated. This experimental investigation demonstrated that the optimum dosage of apple juice, greatly altered the setting time of cement and the mechanical strength of cementitious materials as well. This study advocates for the innovative use of apple juice as a retarder in the construction industry, offering a dual benefit by not only enhancing construction processes but also economically empowering farmers through the generation of a substantial yield of ungraded apples.
Key Words: Compressive Strength, Retarder, Sugar, Setting Time.
1. INTRODUCTION Maintaining workability is one of the essential criteria during the concreting operation - transportation, handling
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