International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 10 Issue: 08 | Aug 2023
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
www.irjet.net
Rental Housing Scenario in India: Barriers and Facilitators Ankita Vinchoorkar1, Ar. Satyam Shukla2, Dr. Anjali S. Patil3 1Student of Master’s in Urban Planning, Department of Architecture and Planning, Madhav Institute of Technology
and Science, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, India
2Assistant Professor, Department of Architecture and Planning, Madhav Institute of Technology and Science,
Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, India
3Head of Department, Department of Architecture and Planning, Madhav Institute of Technology and Science,
Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, India ---------------------------------------------------------------------***---------------------------------------------------------------------
Abstract - In today’s world housing is one of the basic
different reasons like education, employment, etc. To address the housing problem, the rental housing option in India is an essential segment of the housing market. It can play an important role in providing affordable housing to persons who prefer to live in rental homes. To regulate the rental housing market in India, we need to strictly regulate the uniform rental laws in every state of India. Regulating the uniform rental laws in India will promote formal rental housing where people will get all basic services at affordable prices. Whereas in the absence of uniform rental laws people are forced to live in informal rental accommodations where there is a lack of basic services. The Rental Housing Policy, 2015 introduced by the government in policy they decide the beneficiary group. In formal rental housing, the tenant has to follow some rules and regulations while using the accommodation. In informal housing, the residents mostly feel insecure and fear of eviction by the landlord. The place is mostly overcrowded, dwellings are constructed in unsafe areas which is hazard-prone in many ways.
requirements for human beings after food and clothes. As a result of a high rate of urbanization in cities, changing demographics, and changing income levels. These factors cause the housing shortage in cities. The housing shortage at the city level has resulted in a lack of affordability and availability. This lack of availability and affordability has pushed the government to find an alternative option to gear up the housing need and shortage, and the rental housing policy has emerged. The unavailability of a clear policy framework can hinder the supply of formal rental housing. Moreover, people are forced to live in informal rental accommodations where essential services are absent. It will study the existing policies and regulations for the rental housing market. It will evaluate its effectiveness and understand the current state of rental housing in India concerning the impacts of challenges landlords and tenants face. This paper examines the role of private entities in addressing the issues faced by the rental housing sector in India.
After the introductory section, the second part of this paper describes briefly on housing situation in India. The third section focuses on the rental housing scenario and types of rental housing in India; the fourth part focuses on acts and policies related to rental housing in India; the fifth part deals with some legal and regulatory recommendations regarding rental housing; the sixth part deals with a case study of Mumbai in context to rental housing. The conclusion is based on the analysis of all sections in the paper.
Key Words: housing shortage, affordability and availability, rental housing, policy framework, formal rental housing, informal rental accommodations, landlords and tenants, private entities
1. INTRODUCTION Due to rapid urbanization, around 36% of the Indian population lives in city areas, and this urbanization will increase with time. Urbanization will cause a shortage of housing infrastructure in urbanized cities. The housing shortage in the cities can be described as out of six people only one person has a habitable house. India has a large population with diverse housing needs but affordability of housing is still a major problem facing in urban areas. The rising land price in urban areas increases the options of unaffordability in housing. The rental housing stock available in the market is insufficient to address the housing shortage in urban areas. The number of vacant houses in the country increased from 6.3% in 2001 [1] to 7.5% in 2011. To address the housing issue, we need sustainable housing options to meet the population’s diversified housing needs. To target the section of society who lives in a city temporarily for
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2. HOUSING SITUATION IN INDIA The housing issue in India is rising, and availing affordable housing options for all is crucial. Housing comes under the necessities of food, shelter, and clothing. The different housing challenges [2] that urban areas face nowadays are shortage, overcrowding, ownership of housing, available housing stock, etc. Urban areas need safe, secure, [2] affordable housing for growth and development. The housing stock has raised from 24.9 crore to 33.1 crore in 2001, and 2011 respectively, serving as a sign of an increase [3] of 33% as stated in the Census of India 2011. Table 1 shows the shortage of urban housing in different economic sections of society.
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