International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 10 Issue: 08|Aug-2023
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
www.irjet.net
Smart Cultivation: An Arduino-based IoT Aeroponics System for Indoor Farming Rashmi1, Dr. Shilpa Shrigiri S2 1
Student, Dept. of Digital Communication and Networking, Sharnbasva University, Kalaburagi, Karnataka, India 2 Professor, Dept. of Digital Communication and Networking, Sharnbasva University, Kalaburagi, Karnataka, India ----------------------------------------------------------------------***----------------------------------------------------------------------offering a promising solution to feed the growing world Abstract With the world's population continuously increasing and climate stresses impacting traditional agricultural practices, vertical farming has emerged as a promising addition to address sustainable food production challenges. Initially, the focus of vertical farming was on technological innovations, including advanced LED lighting systems, automated hydroponic cultivation, and creative design solutions. However, recent studies have shifted their attention towards the resilience and circularity of vertical farming systems. This research places emphasis on investigating water quality and microbial life within the context of hydroponic cultivation. Among the notable findings is the positive impact of Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) on plant performance and their ability to enhance resilience against both biotic and abiotic stresses. The application of PGPRs to the growing media results in an increased microbial functional diversity, presenting an opportunity to enhance the circularity and resilience of vertical farming systems. By reducing reliance on chemical fertilizers and crop protection products, this approach aligns well with sustainability objectives. This paper not only offers a brief historical overview of vertical farming but also delves into its economic, environmental, social, and political opportunities and challenges. Additionally, it explores recent advances in harnessing the potential of the rhizosphere microbiome within hydroponic cultivation systems.
Key Words: Vertical farming, Sustainable food production, Climate stress, Technological innovation, LED lighting systems, Automated hydroponic cultivation, Design solutions, Resilience, Circularity, Water quality.
1. INTRODUCTION The global population continues to surge, putting immense pressure on conventional agricultural practices to meet the rising demand for food. At the same time, climate stress, characterized by extreme weather events and changing environmental conditions, poses significant challenges to the stability of food production systems. In response to these mounting concerns, vertical farming has emerged as a potential game-changer in sustainable food production, © 2023, IRJET
Impact Factor value: 8.266
population while mitigating the impact of climate change on agriculture. The early developments in vertical farming were primarily driven by technological advancements, focusing on innovations such as advanced LED lighting systems, automated hydroponic cultivation methods, and creative design solutions for efficient space utilization. These breakthroughs have significantly improved indoor farming practices, enabling year-round crop cultivation and reducing reliance on traditional farming approaches that are vulnerable to climate fluctuations. As vertical farming gains momentum, recent research has shifted its focus towards addressing two critical aspects: resilience and circularity. Resilience refers to the ability of the farming system to withstand and recover from various stresses, including extreme weather events, pests, and diseases. On the other hand, circularity emphasizes the adoption of sustainable and regenerative practices, minimizing waste and resource consumption, and promoting a closed-loop agricultural ecosystem. A key area of investigation in this context is water quality and microbial life in hydroponic cultivation, a central component of vertical farming. Researchers have explored the role of Plant GrowthPromoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) in enhancing plant performance and bolstering resilience against both biotic and abiotic stresses. By introducing PGPRs to the plantgrowing media, the microbial functional diversity in the system increases, offering opportunities to reduce dependency on chemical fertilizers and crop protection products, thus aligning with broader sustainability objectives. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the concept of vertical farming, tracing its historical development and highlighting its potential opportunities and challenges from economic, environmental, social, and political perspectives. Moreover, the study delves into recent advances in harnessing the potential of the rhizosphere microbiome within hydroponic cultivation systems to enhance circularity and resilience.
2. Related Works Article[1] Reimagining Farming: An Arduino-Powered IoT Aeroponics System for Indoor Cultivation by A. Patel, R. Gupta, S. Sharma in 2019
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