International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET)
e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 10 Issue: 08 | Aug 2023
p-ISSN: 2395-0072
www.irjet.net
Performance Analysis of Aerodynamic Design for Wind Turbine Blade Tukur Sani Gadanya 1, Abdulyakin Usman 2, Lawal Salisu 3 1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Federal University Dutsin-Ma, Katsina State,
Nigeria
2 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Federal University Dutsin-Ma, Katsina State,
Nigeria
3 Directorate of Physical Planning and Development, Umaru Musa Yar’adua University, Katsina, Nigeria
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Abstract - In spite of the endowed abundant wind energy
turbine blade is one of the most important components of a wind power system. Many methods have been proposed to improve the aerodynamic efficiency of the blade. In addition, to capture more wind energy and ensure efficient use of this energy, the size of wind turbine blades has to increase. The world's largest installed wind turbine blade length has reached more than 100 meters [3]. [4] Conducted a parametric study to determine the various factors affecting the performance of a wind turbine that can be improved, in order to eliminate losses and achieve better performance. The factors recommended include: type of wind turbine and material, number of blades, wind flow directions, blade surface conditions, shape and geometry of blades, length of blades, altitude, suitable site, wake effects, aerodynamic loads and other design parameters. The economic analysis of small wind turbine was investigated by [5]. Findings from their study suggested € 3000.00 as the realistic cost of small wind turbine. Moreover, they added that the rotor should be optimized for low wind speed by reducing the blade mass and ensuring rotation with acceptable tip speed ratio (TSR) to minimize noise. To enhance wind harnessing capability of areas with low wind speed, [6] worked on the aerodynamic design of a horizontal axis micro wind turbine blade using NACA4412 profile. Betz-Joukowsky limits theory for wind turbine optimization, and multiple iterations for aerodynamic parameters calculations were applied. The coefficient of power obtained increased by 30%, when the optimized blade and thickness were reduced by 24% and 44% respectively. [7] Added that, poor performance due to the laminar separation bubbles on the blade is one of the major challenge faced by small wind turbine operating at low wind speed. [8] Investigated the aerodynamic design of turbine blade. The maximum coefficient of wind energy utilization obtained was found to be 0.42 which is 2.4% higher than a result obtained from similar study. [9] Carried out a study to control wake effect activity in order to optimize the efficiency of wind farm. It was found that optimizing the pitch variation of the turbine lead to increase in power generation by 4.5%. The characteristics of turbine spacing in a wind farm using an optimal design process was studied by [10]. The spacing between the first and second turbine was found to be responsible for the optimal increment on the wind farm efficiency. [11] Developed a numerical code based on blade Element Momentum (BEM) theory. This novel development enables the wind turbine
resource which can be harnessed for various applications especially in core Northern region of the country, Nigeria is still faced with challenges of the required technical know-how for appropriate integration. Thus, in this paper, a numerical study has been carried out to investigate the aerodynamic performance of designed blade of a wind machine which is to be installed at Faculty of Engineering, Federal University Dutsin-Ma (FUDMA). The system was designed by modelling differential equations of the aerodynamic block and then simulated in MATLAB SIMULINK environment. A computer program was also written in Matlab to carry out parametric study on the effect of varying parameters such as wind speed (ν) and tip speed ration (λ) on the performance of the wind turbine. The whole analysis was done using the meteorological data of Dutsin-Ma in Katsina State, Nigeria. Increase in generated power was noticed with increase in wind speed at cut-in speed of 3m/s and maximum power coefficient of 0.48. The results obtained which corroborates with those found in literatures. It also shows that at a wind speed of 9m/s, the energy needed to efficiently power the whole Faculty (150kW) could be achieved. As such, the wind turbine blades can efficiently convert the energy in the wind to electricity by varying the wind speed of the location. Furthermore, this work is an important reference material for wind turbine design in Dutsin-Ma and its environs.
Key Words:
Wind Energy, Wind Turbine, Power Generation, Simulation, Modelling, Dutsin-Ma
1. INTRODUCTION The need and importance of clean, abundant alternative source of energy cannot be over emphasized due to the negative effects posed by the use fossil fuels on life and environment. In Nigeria, especially in the dry season, the availability of sufficient water for the hydro-electric power plants affects the generation of electricity. Climate change coupled with low rainfall and drought leads to evapotranspiration which reduced water volume as well as hydroelectric power generation and transmission capacities [1]. Thus, the need to explore alternative sources of these fossil fuels such as wind and solar is essential. Wind energy is currently one of the most economic and growing source of renewable energy globally due to its availability [2]. Wind
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